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The regularized Perron envelope is harmonic
Statement
Let be a bounded complex domain and let be continuous. Then the regularized Perron envelope is harmonic on .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A bounded complex domain and a continuous boundary datum .
The Perron family is nonempty, every lower function is bounded above by , and the envelope satisfies (The Perron family is nonempty and uniformly bounded by the boundary data).
Poisson modification of a lower function on an interior disc stays subharmonic, is harmonic on that disc, majorizes the original lower function, and is again a lower function because it is unchanged near the outer boundary of (Poisson modification is subharmonic and majorizes the original function, Poisson modification on a compactly contained disc).
Finite maxima preserve subharmonicity and therefore preserve membership in the Perron family (Positive linear combinations and finite maxima preserve subharmonicity).
An increasing harmonic sequence bounded above at one point converges locally uniformly to a harmonic limit (An increasing harmonic sequence converges locally uniformly to a harmonic limit or diverges to +infinity).
The upper-semicontinuous regularization of a locally bounded-above subharmonic supremum is subharmonic (The upper-semicontinuous regularization of a locally bounded-above subharmonic supremum is subharmonic).
A subharmonic function that attains a finite interior maximum is constant (A plane subharmonic function with an interior maximum is constant on its component).
Proof
By [L1], the family is locally bounded above. Applying [L5] to that family shows that is subharmonic on .
Fix and choose a closed disc centered at . By the definition of upper-semicontinuous regularization, choose points with . For each , choose with .
Put . By [L3], each lies in the Perron family, and . Let . By [L2], each is harmonic on , belongs to the Perron family, majorizes , and the sequence is increasing because the sequence is increasing. Step [L1] also gives on .
The sequence is increasing and bounded above at every point by , so [L4] yields a harmonic limit on . Since each belongs to the Perron family, one has , hence on . On the other hand, [step 3.1, L4] Letting and using continuity of and upper semicontinuity of gives .
The function is subharmonic on : both and are harmonic and therefore subharmonic, and [L3] handles sums with positive coefficients. Step 4.1 shows on and vanishes at the interior point , so [L6] forces to be constant on . Hence on , and therefore is harmonic near . Since was arbitrary, is harmonic on .
Depends on
- The Perron envelope and its regularization
- The Perron family is nonempty and uniformly bounded by the boundary data
- Poisson modification on a compactly contained disc
- Poisson modification is subharmonic and majorizes the original function
- Positive linear combinations and finite maxima preserve subharmonicity
- An increasing harmonic sequence converges locally uniformly to a harmonic limit or diverges to +infinity
- The upper-semicontinuous regularization of a locally bounded-above subharmonic supremum is subharmonic
- A plane subharmonic function with an interior maximum is constant on its component
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- Sheldon Axler, Paul Bourdon, and Wade Ramey, Harmonic Function Theory, 2nd ed. (standard reference, not scraped)