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The de Rham map is an isomorphism on convex coordinate domains
Statement
On a nonempty convex open subset , or a nonempty convex relatively open subset , the de Rham integration map is an isomorphism in every degree. Both sides are in degree zero, identified by the value on the one component, and zero in positive and negative degrees. The same holds on a manifold coordinate domain diffeomorphic to such a . No choice assumption is needed.
Facts & Assumptions
Naturality of the de Rham map gives naturality of integration on cochains and cohomology, also for boundary manifolds.
The de Rham homotopy formula extends to boundary manifolds gives , with a smooth primitive operator also at a spatial boundary.
Barycentric subdivision and prism preserve smooth singular chains supplies a smooth homotopy prism after flattening time, with the unchanged identity .
Smooth singular chain and cochain complexes retains every simplex, including the unique constant simplex in each degree on a point, with the signed face differential and its dual.
De Rham integration cochain evaluates a zero-form on each point simplex; in degree zero this is evaluation, not the zero map.
Smooth singular chains and cochains are functorial for smooth maps supplies the chain, cochain and cohomology maps of the constant projection and inclusion of a point.
Proof
Given: A nonempty convex domain of either kind in the statement. Fix one , and let and be projection and inclusion.
Set . Convexity makes this target-valued for ; its polynomial coordinate expression gives all required local extensions. Its endpoint maps are and the identity. For a closed form of positive degree, the constant-map pullback is zero because its derivative is zero. Thus [F2] gives . For a closed zero-form , the same identity has and , so . Conversely constant functions are closed. Hence de Rham cohomology is zero in positive degrees and is in degree zero, with evaluation at inverse to the constant-function map.
On the point there is exactly one simplex in every degree . For , its boundary is , equal to when is even and zero when is odd. Therefore the cochain group is in each nonnegative degree, with for even and for odd . This unnormalized complex has and for : in positive odd degree the kernel is zero, and in positive even degree the entire kernel is the preceding image.
The unmodified radial homotopy need not extend into a boundary target beyond the time endpoints. Use the time-flattened prism guaranteed by [F3] instead. It has the same endpoint maps and gives a degree-one chain operator with For a cochain of degree set , and set in degree zero. Direct evaluation gives In degree zero the first term is zero and the second is , so this identity still holds. No dual exactness theorem or selected cochain extension is used.
Since , [F6] gives on cochains of the point. Step 2.1 gives on cohomology of , because the difference on any cocycle is the coboundary . Thus are inverse cohomology maps. More explicitly in positive degree, for a cocycle let . In odd degree by step 1.2, so take ; in positive even degree take the preceding-degree point cochain with the same scalar value as , so . Then This proves positive-degree vanishing without a representative-selection principle. In degree zero, evaluation at and constant cochains give the inverse identifications with .
By [F5], integration sends the constant function to the cochain with value on every point simplex. Thus the degree-zero map is the identity under the two identifications with in steps 1.1 and 3.1. In every positive degree both groups vanish, so their unique linear map is an isomorphism; negative degrees are zero by the complex conventions. A coordinate diffeomorphism and its inverse give inverse pullback maps in both theories, and [F1] transports these conclusions to the coordinate domain.
Nonemptiness is used only to fix one contraction centre; the empty domain instead has zero groups on both sides and still a comparison isomorphism, but not the asserted degree-zero identification with . For the nonempty domain is a point, already calculated in step 1.2, and all positive-degree forms vanish. Degree one is covered by the zero odd-degree kernel at the point and the explicit primitive formulas. Constant and degenerate simplices are retained throughout. The endpoint flattening in step 2.1 preserves and , and [F2] handles both endpoints for forms. A single centre and explicit operators suffice; no choices over families of domains or cohomology classes are made.
Depends on
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Sources
- Peter S. Park, Proof of de Rham's Theorem (standard reference, not scraped)