Alphabeta Math
TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedverified 2026-09-24 (gpt-6-sol)
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

auslander buchsbaum serre regularity criterion

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Choice (The Axiom of Choice).

For a nonzero Noetherian local ring (R,m,k) the following are equivalent: R is regular; pd⁡Rk<∞; gldim⁡R<∞; and every finite R-module has finite projective dimension. When these hold, gldim⁡R=pd⁡Rk=dim⁡R. A nonzero finite module over regular local R is maximal Cohen–Macaulay (depth dim⁡R) if and only if it is free.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The objects and hypotheses in the statement. We work with the Axiom of Choice; cited dependent-choice and resolution-existence hypotheses are retained.

[F1]

finite residue field projective dimension forces depth equals dimension: If the residue field of a nonzero Noetherian local ring R has finite projective dimension, then R is regular and depth⁡R=dim⁡R=edim⁡R.

[F2]

regular local residue field projective dimension dimension: For a regular local ring (R,m,k) of dimension d, pd⁡Rk=d and βiR(k)=(di) for 0≤i≤d, with βiR(k)=0 for i>d.

[F3]

local global dimension equals residue field projective dimension: For a nonzero Noetherian local ring (R,m,k), gldim⁡R=pd⁡Rk, allowing infinity. If this common value is n<∞, every R-module has projective dimension at most n.

[F4]

auslander buchsbaum formula: For a nonzero finite module M of finite projective dimension over a nonzero Noetherian local ring R, pd⁡RM+depth⁡RM=depth⁡R. Consequently such an M with depth⁡M=depth⁡R is free.

[F5]

regular local rings are domains and cohen macaulay: A regular local ring R of dimension d is a domain and Cohen–Macaulay. For every regular system (x1,…,xd), the tuple is R-regular and R/(x1,…,xc) is regular local of dimension d−c for all 0≤c≤d.

[F6]

Assuming the Axiom of Choice, Nakayama's lemma: Assume the Axiom of Choice. Let R be a commutative ring, let I⊴R satisfy I⊆J(R), and let M be a finitely generated left R-module. If IM=M, then M=0.

Proof

1.1F2F3F1

Regularity gives pd⁡k=dim⁡R through the Koszul computation. Residue-field projective dimension equals global dimension, so this also bounds every module. Conversely finite projective dimension for every finite module applies to k, and finite projective dimension for k forces regularity. These implications prove the four-way equivalence and the numerical equalities, also for dimension zero.

2.1F4F5step 1.1

Over a regular local ring every finite module has finite projective dimension and depth⁡R=dim⁡R. Auslander–Buchsbaum therefore makes depth dim⁡R equivalent to projective dimension zero for a nonzero finite module, hence equivalent to freeness. Conversely a nonzero finite free module has the ring depth.

3.1F6algebra∎

The useful freeness-lifting argument can also be seen directly. If x∈m is injective on a finite M and M/xM is free over R/(x), lift a basis to a surjection F→M by Nakayama, with finite kernel K. A relation has coefficients divisible by x, so it is xv; injectivity on M implies v∈K. Thus K=xK, and Nakayama gives K=0. This includes a zero quotient basis, when M=0.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

32 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources