Alphabeta Math
TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-6.1-sol)
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Euler number ±1 implies the Milnor sphere bundle is a homology seven-sphere

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Choice as inherited from the Gysin and duality suppliers. If h+j=±1, then the Milnor sphere bundle Mh,j has Hk(Mh,j;Z)≅Hk(S7;Z) for every k; that is, only H0 and H7 are Z and all intermediate integral homology vanishes.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Integers h,j with h+j=ε=±1 and the oriented sphere bundle S3→Mh,j→S4 of The Milnor sphere and disk bundles Mh,j and Wh,j.

[A1]

The Axiom of Choice is assumed (The Axiom of Choice).

[L1]

Assume AC. The integral Gysin sequence of the oriented rank-four sphere bundle is ⋯→Hk−4(S4;Z)→⌣eHk(S4;Z)→p∗Hk(Mh,j;Z)→∂Hk−3(S4;Z)→⋯ (Gysin long exact sequence of an oriented sphere bundle).

[L2]

e(ξh,j)=(h+j)u=εu with u the generator of H4(S4;Z) (Euler and first Pontryagin classes of ξh,j).

[L3]

Assume AC. A closed oriented seven-manifold has finitely generated integral homology in every degree (Finite generation from cap with a finite fundamental cycle).

[L4]

Under AC the cohomological UCT has the exact sequence 0→Ext⁡1(Hk−1(M;Z),Z)→Hk(M;Z)→Hom⁡(Hk(M;Z),Z)→0 (Topological universal coefficient short exact sequence for cohomology).

[L5]

A finitely generated abelian group is Zr⊕T with T finite (The fundamental theorem of finitely generated abelian groups from PID modules). The finite cyclic resolution gives Ext⁡1(Z/m,Z)=Z/m (Ext one of Z modulo n by Z is Z modulo n); its DC assumption follows from AC (AC implies DC implies countable choice). Thus Hom⁡(G,Z)=0 detects rank zero, and Ext⁡1(G,Z)=0 detects absence of torsion.

Proof

technique · direct
1.1L1L2A1

In the Gysin sequence [L1] with k=0,1,2,3 and with negative cohomology zero, the only possible intermediate term is H3(Mh,j)→H0(S4)=Z→⌣eH4(S4)=Z→H4(Mh,j)→H1(S4)=0; since e=εu by [L2] and ε=±1, the multiplication map is an isomorphism, so H3(Mh,j)=0 and H4(Mh,j)=0, while also H1(Mh,j)=H2(Mh,j)=0 and H0(Mh,j)=Z.

2.1step 1.1L1

For k=5,6 the sequence reads 0→Hk(Mh,j)→Hk−3(S4) with k−3=2,3, so H5(Mh,j)=H6(Mh,j)=0.

3.1step 2.1L1L2

For k=7 the sequence gives 0=H7(S4)→H7(Mh,j)→∂H4(S4)=Z→⌣eH8(S4)=0, so ∂ is an isomorphism and H7(Mh,j)=Z; for k=8, H4(S4)→⌣eH8(S4)=0 gives H8(Mh,j)=0, and all higher degrees vanish.

4.1step 3.1

Combining: H0(Mh,j;Z)=H7(Mh,j;Z)=Z and Hk(Mh,j;Z)=0 for 1≤k≤6.

5.1step 3.1step 4.1L3L4L5

Write Hk(Mh,j;Z)=Zrk⊕Tk by [L3], [L5]. The UCT exact sequence [L4] and the vanishing of Hk for 1≤k≤6 give rk=0 in these degrees and Tk−1=0. In degree seven, Ext⁡(H6,Z) injects into H7=Z; it is finite, so it is zero and T6=0. The resulting isomorphism Hom⁡(H7,Z)≅Z gives r7=1. Finally H8=0 from step 3.1 forces Ext⁡(H7,Z)=0, hence T7=0. Since the bundle is locally path connected, H0=Z from step 4.1 forces it to have one component; thus H0=Z.

6.1step 5.1L3∎

Thus H0=H7=Z and H1,…,H6=0. The closed seven-manifold finiteness supplier [L3] also gives zero groups outside degrees zero through seven, proving the statement in every degree.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

53 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources