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The Khovanov-Seidel complexes give a weak derived braid action

Statement

Fix m≥1 and let Cm=Kb(proj⁡grAm) be the bounded homotopy category of finite graded projective left Am-modules. Choose a signed word t(β) representing each β∈Bm+1, with t(1) the empty word, and let Gβ=Rt(β) be its complex from The complex of a braid word. Define F1=Id⁡Cm and Fβ=Gβ⊗Am− for β≠1. Then the assignment β⟼Fβ defines a weak action of the braid group Bm+1 (The braid group by Artin presentation) on Cm in the sense of Weak action of a group on a category:

  1. F1=Id⁡Cm exactly;
  2. every Fβ is an equivalence of Cm, and
  3. for all β,γ∈Bm+1 the functors Fβγ and FβFγ are naturally isomorphic.

Explicitly, for any two words presenting the same element, a chosen finite sequence of defining relation moves gives an explicit homotopy equivalence between their complexes, so the action is well defined up to isomorphism by the presentation of Bm+1. No independence of that chosen sequence is asserted. No coherence of the isomorphisms is claimed: the action is weak and is not asserted to be a genuine 2-action.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: An integer m≥1, the generators σ1,…,σm and defining relations of the presented braid group Bm+1, the word complexes Rσ of The complex of a braid word and their functors on Cm.

[L1]

For every word σ the complex Rσ is a bounded complex of graded (Am,Am)-bimodules with two-sided finite graded projective terms, and its action Rσ⊗Am− is an exact triangulated endofunctor of Cm agreeing with the derived tensor product (The complex of a braid word).

[L2]

RiRi−1≃Id⁡Cm≃Ri−1Ri for every i (The generator complexes are mutually inverse).

[L3]

RiRj≅RjRi for ∣i−j∣>1 (Far commutativity of the generator complexes).

[L4]

RiRi+1Ri≅Ri+1RiRi+1 for 1≤i≤m−1 (The three-term braid relation).

[L5]

Bm+1 is presented by the generators σ1,…,σm subject to the relations σiσi−1=1=σi−1σi, σiσj=σjσi for ∣i−j∣>1 and σiσi+1σi=σi+1σiσi+1; consequently a group homomorphism or an assignment on words satisfying these relations up to the appropriate equivalences is well defined on the presented group, and any two words for the same element are related by a finite sequence of insertions and deletions of these relators (The braid group by Artin presentation, Group presentation by generators and relations, Von Dyck's theorem: maps of generators that satisfy the relators extend uniquely from a presented group).

[L6]

The empty tensor product is the diagonal bimodule Am concentrated in degree 0, and Am⊗AmM≅M naturally, so R1≃Id⁡Cm (The complex of a braid word, Signed totalization of graded A_m-bimodule actions).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1L1L2L6

Every Fβ is an equivalence. For β≠1, [L1] makes Gβ⊗Am− an endofunctor of Cm, and the generator inverse relations of [L2], applied factor by factor with tensor associativity, identify its composites with the functor of the literal reversed inverse word as the identity; the empty-word functor is canonically the identity by [L6]. Thus Fβ is an equivalence with inverse the functor of that literal inverse word, up to the canonical unit identification. For β=1 the claim holds by the definition F1=Id⁡.

1.2L2L3L4

The defining relations hold up to natural isomorphism. The inverse-cancellation relation is [L2], far commutativity is [L3], and the three-term Artin relation is [L4]; for each of these the two functors are respectively naturally isomorphic, and the isomorphisms are compatible with concatenation of words because both sides are computed by the same balanced tensor product of the word complexes [L1].

2.1step 1.2L1L5L6

Well-definedness on braid words. Let σ=τ1⋯τk be a word and let σ′ be obtained from it by one of the elementary moves of [L5]: inserting or deleting σi±1σi∓1, commuting two far-apart letters, or replacing σiσi+1σi by σi+1σiσi+1. Each move replaces Rσ by a naturally isomorphic functor by step 1.2, since the tensor product identifies the segments of the word and the isomorphisms compose; by induction on the number of moves, any two words presenting the same element of Bm+1 yield naturally isomorphic functors. Hence the assignment β↦Fβ is well defined up to natural isomorphism on the presented group, with F1 represented by the identity functor rather than merely by an isomorphic empty-word functor.

3.1step 2.1L1L6

The weak-action axioms. By definition F1=Id⁡Cm. If β,γ≠1, concatenating their chosen words gives Gβ⊗AmGγ≃Gβγ up to the natural isomorphism of step 2.1; tensoring with an input complex gives FβFγ≅Fβγ, using [L6] when βγ=1. If one of β,γ is 1, the corresponding composite is identified with the other functor by the canonical tensor unit isomorphism (and is literally composition with Id⁡ on the functor side). Thus the weak-action unit and pairwise-isomorphism conditions hold. No compositors satisfying a pentagon are produced or claimed.

4.1step 1.1step 2.1step 3.1∎

Conclusion. The functors Fβ define a weak action of Bm+1 on Cm: the assignment is well defined up to natural isomorphism on words for the same braid (step 2.1), every value is an equivalence (step 1.1), and the identity functor is assigned exactly to 1 with the pairwise isomorphisms supplied in step 3.1. No coherence upgrade is claimed.

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