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The left and right projective constructions of Tor are naturally isomorphic
Statement
Assume the Axiom of Dependent Choice. For every right -module and left -module with supplied projective resolutions and , there is a natural isomorphism .
Proof
Given: the first-quadrant double complex with finite direct-sum totalization.
The augmentations give degreewise surjective chain maps and , supported respectively on and . Their surjectivity and exact augmented fixed- and fixed- complexes follow from The augmented fixed-q rows of the tensor double complex are exact and The augmented rows of the tensor double complex are exact, respectively. The differential is , with as in The first-quadrant tensor double complex of two projective resolutions.
The kernel of is the total of the double complex obtained by replacing by . Every fixed- horizontal complex is exact. For a total cycle of degree , take its largest nonzero component . The cycle equation at that says , because the next higher component is zero. Horizontal exactness gives with . Subtracting removes that component and introduces only a component at . Repeating terminates at and expresses as a boundary. Thus is acyclic, including degree zero; negative degrees are zero. This is the filtration by , not by .
The kernel of is obtained by replacing by . Its fixed- vertical complexes are exact, with multiplication of their differentials by harmless. Now eliminate a cycle's largest component by solving in bidegree . Subtracting leaves only lower components; finitely many repetitions show that is acyclic. This uses the filtration by , not by .
The short exact sequences of each kernel, total complex and edge, together with The long exact sequence in homology, make both and quasi-isomorphisms. Hence gives the asserted isomorphism .
Under DC, maps of modules lift to maps of their supplied resolutions by Projective comparison maps exist. The resulting tensor double-complex maps commute with , proving naturality of the ratio in step 3.1. Two lifts are chain-homotopic by Projective comparison maps are unique up to chain homotopy. Tensor homotopies in the first factor are and in the second factor ; direct substitution gives the total homotopy equation. Thus induced homology maps are independent of lifts. Taking module identities also gives independence and coherence under change of the supplied resolutions.
Depends on
- Tor from a projective resolution of the left module
- Tor from a projective resolution of the right module
- The augmented rows of the tensor double complex are exact
- The augmented fixed-q rows of the tensor double complex are exact
- The first-quadrant tensor double complex of two projective resolutions
- Projective comparison maps exist
- Projective comparison maps are unique up to chain homotopy
- The long exact sequence in homology
Used by
- The balanced Tor bifunctor Definition
- The two resolution constructions of Tor are not equal by definition False statement
- The Tor balance isomorphism is natural and coherent under a change of resolutions Proposition
- The long exact Tor sequence in the right-module variable Theorem
- Weak global dimension is Tor-detected and left-right symmetric Theorem
Dependency tree · two levels
23 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Charles A. Weibel, An Introduction to Homological Algebra (standard reference, not scraped)