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Scalar series as a constant Hilbert profile
Example
Assume the Axiom of Choice. Let be a probability space carrying the original independent identically distributed measurable real-valued random variables , , and the replacement family below; this is understood to be an independent product extension, with the original variables lifted from their original space when necessary. Let be measurable for the product Borel sigma-algebra. Define by , and assume and . For each , , and , let be measurable with the same law as , with all these copies mutually independent and independent of the original innovations, and define . Assume . Let be the real Hilbert space of almost-everywhere classes of square-integrable profiles, where is the Borel sigma-algebra and is Lebesgue measure. Define by , and set . Define the bounded real-linear functional by . For each , let integer block lengths satisfy and . This constant-profile construction satisfies the centered causal --approximability assumptions of the bounded profile-functional bootstrap proposition, and .
Example references
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The scalar process and its independent-tail coupling in the Example, the Axiom of Choice, and the displayed block-length regime.
The Axiom of Choice: every family of nonempty sets has a choice function; it is the stated Choice assumption of the proposition.
L2-m-approximable causal Bernoulli shifts: under Countable Choice the profile space is the real separable Hilbert space; the shift setup requires Countable Choice and Dependent Choice for the independent product extension carrying the replacement family, as well as a measurable causal representation, finite second moment, and summable independent-tail replacement errors.
Cauchy-Schwarz for random variables: on a probability space, .
Bochner-integrable function and Bochner integrability criterion: a strongly measurable Banach-valued map with integrable norm has a Bochner integral defined by limits of integrable simple-function integrals; the integral is independent of the chosen approximants.
Bounded profile functional conditional CLT: under the stated profile, replacement-error, Choice, and block-length hypotheses, every bounded real-linear functional has the conditional law and variance conclusions in that Proposition.
Strongly measurable Banach-valued function: strong measurability means being an almost-everywhere pointwise norm limit of measurable Banach-valued simple functions.
AC implies DC implies countable choice: in ZF, the Axiom of Choice implies Dependent Choice and then Countable Choice, with Dependent Choice formulated using a prescribed initial point.
Verification
Given: The assumptions and suppliers above.
By [A1] and [F7], the assumed AC yields both DC and Countable Choice, so the product-extension setup in [F1] is available. Use the constant-profile map defined in the Example. Then , so is a linear isometry. Since is continuous, is a measurable causal -valued shift; applying to the same independent replacements gives .
The isometry gives and for every . Apply [F2] to and the constant random variable to obtain ; hence . By [A1] and [F7], AC supplies Countable Choice, so [F1] gives a countable dense sequence in . For each , let be a nearest point among , resolving ties by the least index. Its finitely many cells are Borel, since they are finite intersections of strict or weak comparisons of continuous distance functions. Thus is a measurable finite-valued simple map, and density gives pointwise. By [F6], is strongly measurable, so [F3] gives its Bochner integrability. Since [F3] also gives scalar simple functions with , their images satisfy . The isometry implies , so taking the defining integral limits gives . The profile shift therefore has the required centering and exactly the scalar replacement-error sum.
The functional is well-defined on almost-everywhere classes, and [F5] gives . Since and , ; also . All hypotheses of [F4] are therefore satisfied, so its conditional bootstrap conclusion applies to this scalar summary.
Depends on
Bounded profile functional conditional CLT
L2-m-approximable causal Bernoulli shifts
The Axiom of Choice
AC implies DC implies countable choice
Cauchy-Schwarz for random variables
Bochner-integrable function
Bochner integrability criterion
Cauchy–Schwarz: , with equality exactly for dependent pairs
Strongly measurable Banach-valued function