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Logarithmic reconstruction and parallel transport of P(z)-products

Statement

Let C be a full category of strongly graded generalized modules over a strongly graded Möbius or conformal vertex algebra. Assume every object's nilpotent part of L(0) has a finite nilpotence exponent. Fix z≠0 and a logarithm ℓ of z. A P(z)-intertwining map I:W1⊗W2→W3‾ determines a unique logarithmic intertwining operator whose evaluation at log⁡x=ℓ is I. Its explicit formula, interpreted in each output generalized weight, is YI(w,x)v=eaL(0)I(e−aL(0)w⊗e−aL(0)v),a=log⁡x−ℓ. A P(z0)-tensor product at one nonzero point gives a P(z)-tensor product at every nonzero point, using the same representing object and a reconstructed universal map. For every point z under consideration, fix a logarithm ℓz and a chosen representing product (W1⊠zW2,ιz). For a path γ:z1→z2 in C×, lift the reversed path γ−1 through exp⁡:C→C× starting at ℓz2, and denote its terminal value by ℓγ(z1). The natural module isomorphism Tγ:W1⊠z1W2→W1⊠z2W2 is the unique map satisfying Tγ‾ ιz1=Yιz2∣log⁡x=ℓγ(z1). Transport depends only on endpoint-fixed homotopy with these endpoint logarithms fixed, has identity transport on constant paths, and satisfies Tη∗γ=Tη∘Tγ and Tγ−1=Tγ−1. Here η∗γ means first traverse γ:z1→z2, then η:z2→z3. No products of two intertwiners or their convergence are asserted.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The objects, one fixed logarithm ℓz and tensor-product universal map ιz for every point under consideration. Maps to completions and exponentials are interpreted componentwise.

[F1]

P(z)-intertwining map gives truncation, P(z)-Jacobi and the three L(j) identities, in particular L(0)I−I(L(0)⊗1)−I(1⊗L(0))=zI(L(−1)⊗1).

[F2]

Strongly graded generalized module in the HLZ setting gives [L(0),L(j)]=−jL(j) and [L(0),vn]=(wt(v)−n−1)vn. On a generalized weight h, eaL(0)=eah∑r<Kar(L(0)−h)r/r!.

[F3]

Logarithmic intertwining operator gives the logarithmic Jacobi, derivative and bracket axioms to check.

[F4]

P(z)-tensor product in a module category gives the representing bijection from module maps out of W1⊠zW2 to P(z)-maps with those inputs.

[F5]

The Riemann surface of the logarithm is the complex plane over the punctured plane via exp identifies the complete logarithm germ surface with C and its projection with the covering exp⁡:C→C×.

[F6]

Existence and uniqueness of path lifts through a covering map supplies a unique lift of a continuous path through a covering after its initial point is prescribed. Applied to a reversed path and the fixed logarithm ℓz2, this supplies its unique backwards logarithmic lift.

[F7]

The endpoint of a lifted path depends only on its endpoint-fixed homotopy class says that endpoint-fixed homotopic base paths, lifted from the same point through a covering, have equal terminal lift points. Its proof uses the homotopy-lifting theorem already in its declared prerequisites.

Proof

1.1givenF1F2F3algebra

For homogeneous generalized-weight inputs, project the formula to output weight h3. F2 expresses it as xh3−h1−h2 times a finite polynomial in log⁡x with coefficients in W3,[h3]. Its logarithmic degree is at most KW1+KW2+KW3−3. For fixed input vectors the finitely many nilpotent powers appearing on the inputs permit a common truncation bound in each integer weight string by F1. Thus the formula has precisely the truncation and grading compatibility of F3. Its evaluation at a=0 is I.

2.1F1F2F3step 1.1algebra

The mode bracket in F2 gives eaL(0)Y(v,t)e−aL(0)=Y(eaL(0)v,eat), coefficient by coefficient. Apply P(z)-Jacobi for I to the inputs e−aL(0)w,e−aL(0)v, the algebra state e−aL(0)u, and variables e−ax0,e−ax1, and conjugate the output by eaL(0). Cancelling the common scalar ea in the three delta prefactors changes the fixed insertion to eaz=x; for example the first delta becomes x0−1δ((x1−x)/x0). The algebra-state conjugation changes its inserted field into Y(u,x0). The other two deltas use the same substitution and unchanged binomial conventions. This is exactly logarithmic intertwiner Jacobi for the displayed formula. The substitutions are identities in formal powers and finite logarithmic polynomials; they do not use analytic convergence.

3.1F1F2F3step 1.1step 2.1algebra

Differentiate the formula with respect to a. F1's L(0) identity gives ∂aYI(w,x)v=zeaL(0)I(L(−1)e−aL(0)w⊗e−aL(0)v). The commutator [L(0),L(−1)]=L(−1) implies L(−1)e−aL(0)=eae−aL(0)L(−1), so the right side is zeaYI(L(−1)w,x)v=xYI(L(−1)w,x)v. As ∂x=x−1∂a on every output monomial and logarithmic polynomial, this proves the derivative axiom. Similarly L(j)eaL(0)=eajeaL(0)L(j); conjugating the three brackets of F1 multiplies their zi terms by eai, producing exactly the xi terms of F3. All required axioms hold. Conversely F3's L(0) bracket is the same differential equation in a with initial value I; on each generalized weight the integrating-factor identity forces the displayed formula. This proves uniqueness.

4.1F1F4F5F6step 3.1constructalgebra

Evaluation of YI at any chosen logarithm of ζ≠0 gives a P(ζ)-map: substitute the logarithm in the identities proved above, keeping the other variables formal. The change I↦eaL(0)I(e−aL(0)⊗e−aL(0)), a=ℓ(ζ)−ℓ(z0), has inverse with −a and commutes with postcomposition by module maps. Thus it is a natural bijection between the two spaces of intertwining maps. Applying that bijection to F4 shows that the same representing object at z0, with the changed universal map, represents the P(ζ)-maps. This proves existence at every nonzero point. For chosen products at z1,z2, apply F6 to the covering in F5 and the reversed path γ−1 starting at the chosen logarithm of z2; denote its terminal value by ℓγ(z1). F4 gives a unique module map Tγ with Tγ‾ιz1=Yιz2∣log⁡x=ℓγ(z1). Because module maps commute with L(0), reconstruction commutes with postcomposition. Thus this equation also proves naturality in both input objects, by applying F4 to the two compositions with the universal map.

5.1F2F4F5F6F7step 4.1algebra∎

To check composition without assuming an analytic connection, use the explicit formula. If a12=ℓγ(z1)−ℓz2 and a23=ℓη(z2)−ℓz3, then sequential conjugation by their exponentials equals conjugation by a12+a23. Uniqueness of path lifting in F6 identifies this sum with the logarithmic change obtained by lifting η∗γ backwards from z3: lift η backwards first, and then lift γ with the resulting logarithm, shifting the previously chosen lift by ℓη(z2)−ℓz2∈2πiZ. Consequently Tη∘Tγ‾ιz1=Tη∗γ‾ιz1, and F4 implies equality. The constant path has logarithmic change zero by F6, so its map is the identity; reversing a lifted path gives the unique reverse lift, with opposite change, so both transport compositions are identities. Finally F7 applied to F5's covering and the reversed endpoint-fixed homotopic paths gives equal backwards lift endpoints. The defining equality in step 4.1 and uniqueness in F4 give identical transports. This proves every asserted transport property.

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