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Full phase shell marginal satisfies the positional variational bound

Statement

Assume AC, the ultrafilter extension principle, DC and HB, the exact superstable regular pair interaction and periodic-image convention of Interacting marked phase-space and reference measures, and integer side lengths Ln→∞ with exact particle numbers Nn/Vn→ρ>0 at an interior attainable density. Fix b>0. Assume the positional canonical log rate is Fb(ρ), and choose finite α with PLeb(α,b)=Fb(ρ)+αρ, where PLeb is the grand pressure per numerical volume with Lebesgue 1/N! normalization. Let the positional grand variational minimizer of Superstable regular continuum grand pressure and variational formula at activity exp⁡(α) and inverse temperature b be the singleton {P∗}. Let Rn=RLn,Nn be the phase reference of Interacting marked phase-space and reference measures, let An be the band of Total-energy concentration and controlled canonical windows, set Mnph(E)=Rn(E∩An)/Rn(An), and let Bn be its positional marginal. For any local-tame test f, write Bn[f]=EBnf(ω(Ln)) and Cnpos[f]=ECnposf(ω(Ln)), where ω(Ln) is the periodic continuation. Let Bˉn be the barycenter of RLn,ω under Bn. Then Bˉn converges to P∗ in τL, equivalently Bn[f]→P∗(f) for every local-tame f; also Cnpos[f]→P∗(f) for every such f. The periodized empirical fields of the exact-Nn canonical laws converge in probability in τL to P∗ by Periodic fixed-particle canonical limit, and P∗ has intensity ρ. Here P∗ is an infinite-volume positional variational state; no finite-volume grand-canonical local convergence or DLR identification is asserted.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The choice hypotheses, model, exact-N_n sequence, shell law, interior density, supporting activity and singleton minimizer in the Statement.

[A1]

AC, the ultrafilter extension principle, DC and HB are exactly the choice hypotheses assumed by the current local-tame compactness, continuum pressure and periodic fixed-N suppliers.

[F1]

Full uniform phase shell has vanishing specific canonical KL: D(M_n^ph || C_n^ph)=o(V_n) for the specified full phase band and canonical reference.

[F2]

Superstable regular pair interactions and configurational ensemble notation and Cell-quadratic lower bound from superstability: for the unit cells Ci=i+[0,1)d, with NCi their point counts, every finite configuration has Hϕ≥A∑iNCi2−BN for fixed A>0,B≥0, and stability gives Hϕ≥−B0N. Applying the same stability inequality to a two-point configuration gives ϕ(x)≥−2B0 for every nonzero separation x. The periodic versions used below are proved by period replication in step 2.1.

[F3]

Diagonal gap for a decreasing integrable interaction tail: the regular tail has a nonnegative summable unit-cell envelope Ψ(k) whose tail sum tends to zero, and supplies real corridor widths g~(L)→∞ with g~(L)/L→0.

[F4]

Periodic fixed-particle canonical limit: at an interior density the exact positional 1/N! canonical log-partition rate is F_b(ρ) for the chosen sequence; the theorem also supplies canonical empirical-field concentration near the positional variational minimizers.

[F5]

Compactness of Finite-Specific-Entropy Levels in the Local-Tame Topology and Specific Relative Entropy Density: bounded specific entropy gives compactness in τ_L, and I(P) is the large-cube relative-entropy limit and is lower semicontinuous there.

[F6]

Superstable regular continuum grand pressure and variational formula and Canonical–grand-canonical thermodynamic duality: normalized-Poisson pressure is -min_P{I(P)+bΦ(P)-ρ(P)α}, the Lebesgue 1/N! pressure is one larger, and the supporting equality makes the minimum 1-F_b(ρ)-αρ; Φ is lower semicontinuous.

[F7]

Total-energy concentration and controlled canonical windows and Interacting marked phase-space and reference measures: the band An has finite positive reference measure and is contained in the energy window ∣H/Vn−eb(ρ)∣≤δn with δn→0; its normalized restriction defines Mnph, and the finite canonical and band laws are invariant under torus translations.

[F8]

Relative Entropy Variational, Chain, and Conditioning Rules: finite-region relative entropy obeys the conditional chain rule, restriction contraction, its bounded-test variational formula, and nonnegativity. For the finite-Nn chain rules use the common labelled-coordinate representation from [F11]; its position and mark spaces are standard Borel.

[F9]

Periodized empirical field of a finite configuration and Stationarity and intensity of a periodized empirical field: a finite torus configuration determines a stationary empirical field RLn,ω of intensity Nn/Vn; for a finite-volume law C, its empirical-field barycenter is stationary with intensity ECNn/Vn. Its evaluation on an integrable local-tame f is measurable and equals the spatial average Vn−1∫TLnf(Txω(Ln)) dx.

[F10]

Poisson Reference Counts and Translation Invariance: restrictions of the unit-intensity Poisson law to disjoint bounded Borel sets are independent, and the probability of an empty region of volume v is e−v.

[F11]

The exact-Nn configuration space in the integer cube ΛLn is a standard-Borel Borel subset of the finite product of the standard-Borel cell spaces in Poisson Configuration Reference. The exact results used from its current mathematical dependency closure are Finite products of standard Borel spaces are standard Borel, Borel subspaces admit polish presentations, Assuming the Axiom of Choice, Kolmogorov extension for arbitrary families of standard Borel coordinate spaces, and For sigma-finite factors, the product measure exists, has the rectangle formula, is sigma-finite, and is unique. Equivalently, for finite-Nn entropy chain rules use labelled positions in the Borel no-collision subset of ΛLnNn and marks in RdNn; these are standard Borel, and the common symmetric labelled densities retain the same 1/Nn! factor, which cancels in likelihood ratios. The countable product law of independent tile configurations exists by the Kolmogorov extension result in that closure, and its product with the uniform lattice phase exists by the sigma-finite product-measure result there.

Proof

Given: The hypotheses and exact current suppliers in Facts & Assumptions.

1.1A1F1F4F8F11algebra

Put D_n=D(M_n^ph || C_n^ph), and let B_n be the positional marginal. The conditional chain rule gives Dn=D(Bn∣∣Cnpos)+EBnD(bn(.∣q)∣∣νb⊗Nn), so D(B_n||C_n^pos)≤D_n by the conditional chain rule [F8]. The canonical positional density relative to full Poisson probability Q_Λn is 1_{N=N_n} exp(-bU_n,per)/Z_Q,n^pos, where Z_Q,n^pos=exp(-V_n)Z_n,N_n^pos. Integrating the log likelihood against B_n gives D(Bn∣∣QΛn)+bEBnUn,per=D(Bn∣∣Cnpos)−log⁡ZQ,npos≤Dn−log⁡ZQ,npos. By [F1] and [F4], V_n^-1 log Z_Q,n^pos→F_b(ρ)-1; hence the right side divided by V_n has limsup at most 1-F_b(ρ).

2.1F1F2F3F7step 1.1algebra

For every sufficiently large n, the periodized-image series is absolutely convergent by [F3]. Given a finite q⊂ΛLn in the shell, form qM=⋃a∈{0,…,M−1}d(q+Lna). Since Ln is an integer, its unit-cell occupation pattern repeats exactly Md times. In the pair sum for Hϕ(qM)/Md, each fixed image offset k∈Zd has multiplicity factor ∏j=1d(1−∣kj∣/M)+, which tends to 1 and is bounded by 1. For finite periodic energy, absolute convergence lets us first restrict to finitely many offsets with arbitrarily small omitted absolute tail; the factors converge on that finite set and keep the omitted tail bounded, so Hϕ(qM)/Md→Un,per(q). If any image term is +∞, the desired lower bound is automatic. Applying [F2] to qM, dividing by Md, and taking the limit proves Un,per≥A∑iNCi2−BNn; the same replication applied to the stability bound proves Un,per≥−B0Nn. On the full shell from [F7], Un,per=Hn−∑K≤Vn(eb+δn). The periodized cell bound yields EBn∑iNCi2/Vn≤A−1(eb+δn+BNn/Vn), uniformly bounded. Because Ln is an integer, its torus is tiled by Vn unit cells; torus translation invariance makes all EBnNCi2 equal, so each is bounded by the preceding sum divided by Vn. Cauchy–Schwarz then gives a uniform bound EBnNCiNCj≤C for every pair of cells. For the negative pair terms, each bounded-distance cell has finitely many neighboring cells and each term is bounded below by −2B0 by [F2]; for remaining offsets, [F3] supplies the summable envelope Ψ. Hence the expected sum of negative pair magnitudes is O(Vn), and so is the total negative part of Un,per. The shell upper bound on EUn,per then gives EBnUn,per+=O(Vn). Since the sum of positive pair terms equals Un,per plus the sum of negative pair magnitudes, its expectation is also O(Vn). Therefore EBn∣Un,per∣=O(Vn).

3.1F1F2F3F7step 2.1construct

Let g~n=g~(Ln) be the real corridor width supplied by [F3] at Ln, and set gn=⌈g~n⌉. Then gn→∞ and gn/Ln→0, and an=Ln+gn is an integer. By [F11], take independent tile configurations with law Bn on Zd and independently choose a uniform phase in [0,an)d. The map from these data to the union configuration is measurable: for each bounded Borel observation set, only finitely many tile indices can meet it, and each resulting count is a finite sum of Borel indicators of the finite cell-coordinate lists. Thus the constructed law Pn is well-defined and locally finite. Translating the phase preserves its uniform law and only relabels the independent, identically distributed tiles, so Pn is translation-stationary. Put ρn=Nn/Vn. Its intensity is Nn/and=ρnVn/and→ρ. For a fixed local-tame test f supported in a bounded set A, choose r larger than its coordinate diameter. The random phase puts A wholly inside an occupied tile with probability at least (Ln−2r)d/and→1. On this event torus translation invariance of Bn gives exactly its local law. For any Borel set E⊆ΛLn, torus invariance and the exact count Nn give EBnNE=1Vn∫TLndEBnNE+y dy=Nn∣E∣Vn. The first equality uses invariance; for each fixed configuration, the integral in the numerator sums over its Nn points, and each point lies in E+y for a set of translations of measure ∣E∣. Apply this identity to each occupied portion of A on the bad phase set; gap portions contain no points. The phase-averaged expectation of (1+NA) on that set is at most its probability times 1+ρn∣A∣. Since ∣f∣≤C(1+NA) and ρn is bounded, Pn(f)−Bn(f)→0.

4.1F1F2F3F5F8F10step 1.1step 2.1step 3.1algebra

Fix n and a lattice phase, and restrict to a large observation cube. Its intersections with complete occupied tiles have independent laws Bn; its gap pieces are empty; and only On(surface area) tile intersections meet the observation boundary. The Poisson restrictions on these disjoint pieces are independent by [F10]. For each complete occupied tile, the relative entropy is D(Bn∥QΛLn); restriction contraction [F8] bounds each boundary-tile contribution by this same finite value. An empty gap piece G has entropy D(δ∅∥QG)=−log⁡QG(∅)=∣G∣. Product additivity follows by iterating the chain rule [F8]. For the mixture over the uniform phase, integrate the variational objective from [F8] for any bounded test and bound it by the phase-average conditional entropy; taking the supremum shows the mixture entropy is at most that average. Divide by observation volume and let the cube grow: the complete-tile density tends to an−d, the gap-volume density to (and−Lnd)/and, and the boundary contribution to zero. The specific-entropy limit exists by [F5], so I(Pn)≤D(Bn∥QΛLn)+and−Lndand. For the energy comparison, assign half of each pair term to each endpoint cell. Step 2.1 gives EBnNCiNCj≤C uniformly, a bound O(Vn) on the total negative pair magnitude, and a bound O(Vn) on the total positive pair sum: the latter is the total energy plus the negative pair magnitude, hence is bounded by the positive part of the total energy plus that magnitude. Fix R>R0. Periodic-image pairs of torus separation at most R that are absent from the finite-tile free energy ULn,free cross a tile face; their endpoints lie in a boundary strip of width R+1 containing O(RLnd−1) unit cells. The negative contribution per such cell is bounded by the finite number of near offsets, ϕ≥−2B0 from [F2], and the pair-count bound; the expected positive contribution per cell is bounded by the total positive pair-sum estimate and torus translation invariance. Thus the expected absolute fixed-range discrepancy divided by Vn is O(R/Ln). For remaining pairs, [F3] bounds the expected absolute energy per volume by C∑∣k∣∞>R−cdΨ(k), tending to zero as R→∞. Cross-tile pairs have separation at least gn; the same tail bound with cutoff gn tends to zero as gn→∞. Taking first n→∞ at fixed R and then R→∞ therefore gives Φ(Pn)=EBnUn,per/and+o(1). Combining the entropy bound, step 1.1, and and/Vn→1 gives lim sup⁡n[I(Pn)+bΦ(Pn)]≤1−Fb(ρ). Here the gap fraction vanishes because gn/Ln→0.

5.1A1F4F5F6F9step 3.1step 4.1∎

Stability gives Φ(Pn)≥−B0ρ(Pn), so step 4.1 bounds I(Pn). Compactness [F5] supplies a convergent subsequence from every subsequence. If P is a cluster point, intensity is continuous in τL because the unit-cell count is a local-tame test, hence ρ(P)=ρ. Lower semicontinuity and step 4.1 give I(P)+bΦ(P)≤1−Fb(ρ). Subtract αρ and apply the variational lower bound and exact minimum [F6]; P must attain the grand variational minimum. The singleton hypothesis forces P=P∗. Thus every cluster point is P∗, compactness gives Pn→P∗, and step 3.1 gives Bn[f]→P∗(f) for every local-tame f. By [F9], Bˉn is stationary with intensity Nn/Vn, and torus invariance gives Bˉn(f)=Bn[f]; therefore Bˉn→P∗ in τL. For the exact-Nn canonical law Cnpos, [F4] says its periodized empirical field RLn,ω converges in outer probability in τL to P∗. For a local-tame f with ∣f∣≤c(1+NA), [F9] makes Xn:=RLn,ω(f) measurable and gives ∣Xn∣≤c(1+Nn∣A∣/Vn), uniformly in n. Thus Xn→P∗(f) in probability and the variables are uniformly bounded; for each ϵ>0, ∣EXn−P∗(f)∣≤ϵ+(M+∣P∗(f)∣)Pr⁡(∣Xn−P∗(f)∣>ϵ) for a common bound M, so EXn→P∗(f). Torus translation invariance and [F9] identify EXn=Cnpos[f]. Hence the exact-Nn canonical positional local expectations also converge to P∗.

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