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Lemma 3.4: uniform graph regularity at the bifurcation sphere

PDF p. 17: Lemma 3.4 and proof; PDF p. 18: Lemma 3.4 and proof; PDF p. 19: Lemma 3.4 and proof

Statement

Work in ZFC, including the Axiom of Choice. Adopt the regular mass-one stationary vacuum construction with T∣S≢0. Assume the actual original exterior section C=Σ0∩E is maximal for g, and use its closure Σ1=C∪S as the reference section. The spherical identification and the physical stationary end chart remain independent. Use the same selected smooth single-primitive Harrison family gq and stationary product as in the compact-height contract.

Fix δ∈(0,1) and one supplied family of connected smooth spacelike maximal sections Σq, q∈[δ,1], smooth up to compact boundary S. Their interiors are stationary graphs t=uq(x) over Σ1∘, and the family satisfies the complete candidate-section, normalized-end and uniform-estimate hypotheses of the compact-height result, including those of its radial height-decay and transformed-lapse inputs and positive stationary lapse. Fix the common end-estimate radii and constants for this family in these hypotheses; in particular, for any chosen decay exponent used by compact height, its normalized height bound holds beyond a common radius with a common constant. The normalized end height tends to zero at infinity for each fixed q.

Assume two-sided access to sufficiently far selected original ends: for some Ra and every R≥Ra, let UR=R×{r>R} in the selected physical stationary end chart and require E⊂I(E,g)−(UR)∩I(E,g)+(UR). Both witnessing timelike paths lie in the unchanged original metric and exterior. This is the explicit access hypothesis of the compact-height supplier.

Let V be the common reference collar and K=T+ΩHZ its complete Hawking field on the collar saturation. There is a smaller common collar of S in Σ1 on which every Σq is represented by the unique K-flow height uqK: for each interior base point x, ϕuqK(x)K(x)∈Σq. These heights extend smoothly to S for each q and obey a common bound ∣uqK∣≤Cδ.

After a further common shrinking, each candidate near S is a one-to-one graph along future normal geodesics of Σ1 for gq, with graph height zero on S. The graphs are uniformly spacelike and their heights have uniform Ck,α bounds up to S for every finite integer k≥0 and 0<α<1. The collar and bounds may depend on δ, the fixed background and the fixed supplied family through its common uniform-estimate data, including the end-estimate radii and constants; the Hölder bound may also depend on k,α. They are independent of q∈[δ,1]. No independence across families with unspecified uniform-estimate data is asserted.

Statement references

Facts & Assumptions

[A1]

Work in ZFC, including the Axiom of Choice. The model and regularity data supply the stationary construction and its compact bifurcation sphere S. Maximality is assumed on the actual original exterior section C=Σ0∩E, and the reference section is Σ1=C∪S as in the common-collar contract. Its spherical identification and the physical stationary end chart are independent. Use the selected mass-one Harrison family. A stationary graph is the image of x↦(uq(x),x) in the stationary product; spacelike means its induced metric is positive definite, and maximal means its mean curvature vanishes. Retain the complete candidate and uniform end-estimate hypotheses with the fixed common radii and constants from the Statement. The two-sided original-metric selected-end access condition is a separate explicit Statement hypothesis, used directly rather than derived from the definition of the end. The Axiom of Choice Stationary vacuum model and asymptotic normalization Regular non-degenerate stationary vacuum spacetime Mass-one convention and Harrison denominator Stationary maximal graphs and normalized graph heights Spacelike sections, maximality and lapse–shift data Lemma 3.3: common spacelike reference collar Lemma 3.2: compact stationary-height bounds Causal exterior, chronological boundaries and Cauchy data

[F1]

The common-reference-collar result supplies the complete Hawking flow and timelike collar product. The Hawking-height result gives a unique smooth interior K-height and its individual smooth extension to S. The compact-height result, with actual original exterior maximality, explicit two-sided original-metric end access and the fixed candidate uniform-estimate data in [A1], bounds stationary heights uniformly in q on each compact subset of the reference interior. With these same premises the Hawking-barrier result bounds the flow heights uniformly in q on a smaller common collar, including S. Its constant inherits the dependence of the compact-height bound on the fixed family data. Lemma 3.3: common spacelike reference collar Existence and boost-coordinate description of Hawking-flow heights Lemma 3.2: compact stationary-height bounds K-flow barriers with boundary tangency comparison and uniform height bound

[F2]

The boundary-angle theorem applies to these height and barrier hypotheses. It supplies a common one-to-one normal graph collar, a uniform strict cone and smooth individual extension to S. The normal graph height is the normal-geodesic parameter over the reference section; since both sections have boundary S, its boundary value is zero. Boundary angle bound and normal-graph cone Normal graphs and the nonlinear mean-curvature map

[F3]

Under the same existing-section and boundary hypotheses, the cutoff-angle result gives uniform spacelikeness and uniform Ck,α bounds for the normal graph heights on a smaller common collar, including the boundary, for every finite k and 0<α<1. The norms are the indicated Hölder norms. Cutoff maximum principle and uniform collar regularity Hölder spaces C^k,α, closure and interior scaled norms, and C^k,α domains

[F4]

Under the assumed maximality of the actual original exterior section, the original lapse/product result supplies positive original lapse and the stationary-flow product over C. With Σ1=C∪S, its open base is precisely Σ1∘=C. It requires no equality of the spherical identification with the physical end chart. The end-access condition remains the separate Statement premise. Remark 1.3: lapse bounds and stationary product

Proof

Given: The construction and supplied family in the Statement.

Goal: Establish the uniform flow-height and normal-graph conclusions on common collars.

1.1A1F1F4

The actual original exterior maximality and reference-section binding in [A1] match the original stationary product in [F4] and the common-collar contract in [F1]. The selected single-primitive Harrison family, supplied smooth candidate sections, positive stationary lapse, normalized-end conditions and fixed uniform-estimate data are exactly those required by compact height. Its remaining access premise is the explicit two-sided original-metric selected-end condition in the Statement. Thus apply the compact-height result to this fixed family. Apply the Hawking-height result on the common reference collar to obtain the unique interior flow heights and their individual smooth extensions. The barrier result then supplies their bound on a smaller common collar, independent of q; this bound is allowed to depend on the fixed family data through compact height.

2.1F2F3step 1.1∎

The height and barrier conclusions in step 1.1 meet the hypotheses of [F2]. Thus, on a further common collar, each candidate is a one-to-one normal graph satisfying the strict cone condition; its height vanishes on S. Apply [F3] on a smaller common collar to obtain the uniform spacelikeness and all stated boundary Hölder estimates. The supplied uniform flow-height bound fixes the boundary angle and strict cone used by [F2]–[F3]; all resulting collars and estimates are common to the fixed family and independent of q, with the data dependence stated above.

Source notes

The article citation attributes Lemma 3.4 and its horizon graph conclusions; it supplies no prerequisite proof. This generated conditional formulation retains those conclusions for a fixed supplied family, makes actual physical exterior-section maximality and two-sided far-end access explicit, and records dependence on the supplied uniform-estimate data. The previous generated assertion of independence across all candidate families was not established by the compact-height/barrier contracts. This is a generated-draft repair, not a finding against the original author. The immutable original extraction and its coverage are unchanged, including original Theorem 1.1 and its unresolved source-assessment status. The argument is a local composition of the stated suppliers; it asserts no candidate existence.

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