Alphabeta Math
DefinitionDefinition: Literature-sourcedProof: Not applicablePipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6.1-sol)
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The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

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Commutative Hopf algebras over a field

Definition

Let k be a field (Field). A commutative Hopf algebra over k is a commutative unital k-algebra A (Algebras over a commutative ring, central structure maps, and algebra homomorphisms, Commutative ring) together with k-algebra homomorphisms (Ring homomorphism: additive, multiplicative, and required to send 1 to 1) Δ ⁣:A→A⊗kA,ε ⁣:A→k,S ⁣:A→A, called the comultiplication, the counit and the antipode, such that, with mA the multiplication of A, with uA ⁣:k→A the unit of A, and with the canonical identifications k⊗kA≅A≅A⊗kk, the following identities hold.

  1. (id⁡A⊗Δ)Δ=(Δ⊗id⁡A)Δ (coassociativity).
  2. (ε⊗id⁡A)Δ=id⁡A=(id⁡A⊗ε)Δ (counit identities).
  3. mA(S⊗id⁡A)Δ=uAε=mA(id⁡A⊗S)Δ (antipode identities).

Here A⊗kA is the tensor product of A with itself over k (The tensor product M⊗RN from the additive group underlying the free Z-module on M×N, elementary tensors, and finite tensor sums), whose elements are finite sums ∑iai⊗bi; it carries the k-algebra structure making it the coproduct of A with itself among commutative k-algebras, so that a k-algebra homomorphism out of A⊗kA is exactly a pair of k-algebra homomorphisms out of A (Universal mapping property of the tensor product of commutative algebras).

A morphism of commutative Hopf algebras f ⁣:(A,ΔA,εA,SA)→(B,ΔB,εB,SB) is a k-algebra homomorphism with (f⊗f)ΔA=ΔBf, εBf=εA and fSA=SBf; morphisms are required to preserve all three structure maps, not only the comultiplication.

The Hopf algebra is finitely generated if A is a finitely generated k-algebra (Subalgebra generated by a subset, algebras of finite type, and module-finite algebras). Neither reducedness, nor smoothness, nor finite generation is imposed by the definition, and k is an arbitrary field.

Depends on

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