How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Commutative Hopf algebras over a field
Definition
Let be a field (Field). A commutative Hopf algebra over is a commutative unital -algebra (Algebras over a commutative ring, central structure maps, and algebra homomorphisms, Commutative ring) together with -algebra homomorphisms (Ring homomorphism: additive, multiplicative, and required to send to ) called the comultiplication, the counit and the antipode, such that, with the multiplication of , with the unit of , and with the canonical identifications , the following identities hold.
- (coassociativity).
- (counit identities).
- (antipode identities).
Here is the tensor product of with itself over (The tensor product from the additive group underlying the free -module on , elementary tensors, and finite tensor sums), whose elements are finite sums ; it carries the -algebra structure making it the coproduct of with itself among commutative -algebras, so that a -algebra homomorphism out of is exactly a pair of -algebra homomorphisms out of (Universal mapping property of the tensor product of commutative algebras).
A morphism of commutative Hopf algebras is a -algebra homomorphism with , and ; morphisms are required to preserve all three structure maps, not only the comultiplication.
The Hopf algebra is finitely generated if is a finitely generated -algebra (Subalgebra generated by a subset, algebras of finite type, and module-finite algebras). Neither reducedness, nor smoothness, nor finite generation is imposed by the definition, and is an arbitrary field.
Depends on
- Algebras over a commutative ring, central structure maps, and algebra homomorphisms
- Commutative ring
- Field
- Subalgebra generated by a subset, algebras of finite type, and module-finite algebras
- Ring homomorphism: additive, multiplicative, and required to send $1$ to $1$
- The tensor product $M\otimes_R N$ from the additive group underlying the free $\mathbb Z$-module on $M\times N$, elementary tensors, and finite tensor sums
- Universal mapping property of the tensor product of commutative algebras
Used by
- Coconnected commutative Hopf algebras Definition
- Rational representations and comodules of an affine group scheme Definition
- The coordinate Hopf algebra of an affine group scheme Definition
- Additive and infinitesimal group schemes Example
- The Hopf algebra of a split torus and its root-of-unity subgroups Example
- Every element of a comodule lies in a finite-dimensional subcomodule Lemma
- Hopf ideals, kernels and quotients of commutative Hopf algebras Lemma
- Rational representations of an affine group scheme are comodules of its coordinate Hopf algebra Lemma
- Shapiro's lemma for the trivial subgroup and acyclicity of free comodules Lemma
- Tensor products, exterior powers and Hom spaces of finite-dimensional rational representations are rational Lemma
- The coordinate ring of an affine group scheme is a commutative Hopf algebra Lemma
- A finitely generated affine group scheme has a faithful finite-dimensional representation Theorem
- Affine group schemes of finite type are antiequivalent to finitely generated commutative Hopf algebras Theorem
- Closed subgroup schemes of an affine group scheme correspond to Hopf ideals Theorem
Dependency tree · two levels
24 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- J. S. Milne, Algebraic Groups (corrected 2022 printing, Cambridge University Press) (standard reference, not scraped)
- J. Swanson (notes), J. Pevtsova (lecturer), Algebraic Groups Lecture Notes, University of Washington, Fall 2014 (standard reference, not scraped)