How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
The diagonal ideal modulo its square is Omega
Statement
Let be a homomorphism of commutative rings, let be the multiplication, and let . Then is a -module through , and the map
is an isomorphism of -modules, natural in the ring map . Its inverse sends the class of to .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A ring map , the ring with multiplication , and .
Existence and generators of Kähler differentials and Derivations are maps out of Ω: exists and every -derivation into a -module factors uniquely as with -linear.
Universal mapping property of the tensor product of commutative algebras and Universal property of the tensor product for balanced maps into abelian groups: is the coproduct of the two -algebras , with the -algebra maps and , and -bilinear maps on correspond to maps on .
Derivation of an algebra: an -derivation is additive, -constant and satisfies the Leibniz rule.
Proof
The class map is a derivation. Put and . For , expansion in gives , so . The factors and act identically on , since their difference lies in and . Also is additive and for , since . Hence is an -derivation into the -module , and [F1] gives a unique -linear with .
is surjective. Every satisfies , hence in , using and . Thus is generated as a left -module by the , and is generated by their classes , which lie in the image of . Hence is surjective.
A left inverse. The assignment is -bilinear, so [F2] defines an -linear map with . It is linear for the left -action . For , expand . Then by the Leibniz rule. By step 2.1, is generated as a left -module by the , so is generated as a left -module by their pairwise products; left -linearity of therefore gives . Restricting to and passing to the quotient gives a -linear map with .
The maps are inverse. For one has . The differentials generate , so . Since is surjective by step 2.1, it follows also that . Thus is an isomorphism. The formulas defining and commute with maps of ring homomorphisms , so the isomorphism is natural.
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
16 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Stacks Algebra, Lemma 10.131.13 (tag 00RV) (standard reference, not scraped)
- Vakil 22.2.20, p.584 (standard reference, not scraped)