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Compatible tubular charts realize a prescribed normal identification
Statement
Assume countable choice . Let be a closed smooth embedded submanifold, a smooth real vector bundle, and a smooth bundle isomorphism over . Then there is a diffeomorphism from an open neighbourhood of the zero section in onto an open neighbourhood of in , with for every , whose induced map on the normal quotient is exactly : identifying the vertical subspace of with , the composite equals for every . In particular, taking and , the normal bundle itself admits a tubular chart inducing the identity on its normal quotient.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: Countable choice, a closed smooth embedded submanifold , a smooth real vector bundle and a smooth bundle isomorphism over .
Under there are an open neighbourhood of the zero section and a diffeomorphism onto an open neighbourhood of with (The tubular neighbourhood theorem in a smooth ambient manifold).
Under every smooth manifold admits a Riemannian metric (Assuming countable choice, every smooth manifold admits a Riemannian metric).
For an embedded submanifold of a Riemannian manifold the orthogonal complement is a smooth subbundle with , the metric identifies with the quotient normal bundle of Normal and conormal bundles of an embedded submanifold, and the orthogonal projection is smooth (Tangential and normal projections along a Riemannian submanifold).
A fibrewise linear map over a smooth base map is smooth exactly when its local matrix functions are smooth (Smoothness of a bundle map is equivalent to smooth local matrices).
A smooth bundle map over a diffeomorphism whose every fibre map is bijective is a bundle isomorphism (A fibrewise bijective smooth bundle map over a diffeomorphism is a bundle isomorphism).
Differentials satisfy the chain rule (The chain rule for differentials of smooth maps).
Countable choice is The Axiom of Countable Choice (); it is used exactly through [F1] and [F2].
Proof
By [F1] fix a tubular chart , and by [F2] fix a Riemannian metric on ; then [F3] exhibits as the smooth quotient bundle identified with and makes smooth. Let be any chart of a smooth bundle of rank equal to with . Write for the zero section and identify , where is the vertical subspace. Since , one has ; hence sends the horizontal summand isomorphically onto and isomorphically onto a complement of it. The quotient class is therefore a well-defined linear map .
With the identification of [F3] and one has , because lies in . In local frames of and the components of are smooth functions of , since is smooth, and has smooth local matrices by [F3]; so [F4] makes and smooth bundle maps over . Fibrewise, forces , hence by the splitting and injectivity of ; since , each and is bijective. By [F5], is a smooth bundle isomorphism.
Apply step 2.1 to and : the induced map is a smooth bundle automorphism of . Put and . Since is a smooth bundle isomorphism over , the set is open and contains , and is a diffeomorphism with . For one has , because is fibrewise linear over ; hence by the chain rule [F6] the induced map of at is .
Taking and in step 3.1 gives the chart , which induces the identity, so the normal bundle admits a chart in the specified compatible class. If then , , and are empty and the condition is vacuous; if has rank zero then and is the unique isomorphism between zero spaces, so step 3.1 still applies. The isomorphism is determined by the supplied chart and , so no object is selected beyond [A1]; the metric of [F2] only exhibits the smooth structure and does not enter .
Depends on
- The tubular neighbourhood theorem in a smooth ambient manifold
- Normal and conormal bundles of an embedded submanifold
- Assuming countable choice, every smooth manifold admits a Riemannian metric
- Tangential and normal projections along a Riemannian submanifold
- Smoothness of a bundle map is equivalent to smooth local matrices
- A fibrewise bijective smooth bundle map over a diffeomorphism is a bundle isomorphism
- The chain rule for differentials of smooth maps
- The Axiom of Countable Choice ($\mathrm{AC}_\omega$)
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
41 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- John M. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds, 2nd ed., Theorem 6.24 and Proposition 6.25 (standard reference, not scraped)