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Two cyclotomic shears give a periodic integrable based quantum sl-two chain
Statement
Put , , and . For set
and set for even and for odd . Let , , be the divided basis of the highest string , of weight . On the algebraic module define
and define to be zero on all other divided basis vectors. Put , , and .
Then and ; these are finite-column algebraic operators. The homogeneous basis has a free -stable integral span, its standard compatible bar fixes , and its regular zero and infinity charts and crystal residues are those of the standard direct sum of divided strings. Thus it is an actual four-axiom based integrable finite-Cartan-type module, with a balanced integral triple and no choice assumption.
For every , the finite version , with shears only for , has the same properties. For every the raw-coordinate action is ; its column at a raw basis vector of index is supported at summand indices at most . That column agrees with the finite version whenever .
The raw seed in two copies has total weight zero and factor weights . Both factors are deformed: and . This statement constructs the modules and finite versions; it does not assert infinite tensor correction supports.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The divided-power integral form and reordering calculus of The Lusztig divided-power integral form and Divided-power multiplication, toral binomials and the reordering identity, the rank-one strings of Divided-power commutation and the simple string modules, the finite Kashiwara string decomposition of Uniqueness of the -string decomposition of an integrable module, the exact based conditions of The bar lattice and the divided-power integral lattice of a based module, and the integral balanced map of Balanced triples over the two charts of and the globalization map.
On , and , with zero outside the finite string. Toral generators, including toral quantum binomials, act by the scalar specified by the weight, in . The standard bar fixes each divided vector, and the Kashiwara operators shift its position by one (Divided-power commutation and the simple string modules, Uniqueness of the -string decomposition of an integrable module).
is a unique-factorization domain; primitive irreducible integer polynomials not associated to remain irreducible in it (The Laurent polynomial ring is Noetherian and a unique factorisation domain). The polynomials and are irreducible over the rationals ( is irreducible in for every ).
The four based conditions are a homogeneous field basis, stability of its free -span under , compatibility of its basis-fixing bar with the action, and the crystal basis in the basis-generated regular zero chart. A based subobject must be spanned by a subset of that basis (The bar lattice and the divided-power integral lattice of a based module).
Proof
The two denominators and the weights. One has and , so [F2] makes them nonassociate prime elements of . Both are bar fixed, and and belong to and, by bar invariance, to . The source highest weight is divisible by , and for both parities. Hence every displayed target has the same weight as its source and lies in the target string.
All the modular Gaussian coefficients. For reduce modulo , which is the corresponding . Then has order and . The generating identity follows by multiplication and the Gaussian recurrence; each full block of length is . It follows that a Gaussian coefficient with lower remainder larger than upper remainder modulo vanishes. For and , the coefficient vanishes unless ; in that case its unsymmetrized Gaussian value is and its symmetrizing factor is , since is even. This gives exactly the coefficients of modulo . All reductions are in the integral domain , so they are divisibilities in .
Full divided-power intertwining modulo each denominator. Fix , put , and , and take in . Its weight is . For , the coefficient of is , with upper remainder and lower remainder , so it vanishes by step 2.1; larger give zero by the endpoint. Also vanishes for every : until its nonzero remainder forces vanishing by step 2.1, and larger exceed the target endpoint. The assignment therefore intertwines all divided actions by Gaussian multiplication. Divided reordering, using the annihilation of all positive divided powers on the weight- vector , gives exactly for , including zero beyond the source endpoints. Toral elements act by matched weight scalars. Step 2.1 identifies this assignment with modulo , proving for every .
Algebraic invertibility and integral cross terms. Every is supported on even positions and has odd target positions. Thus exactly, and all other twofold products vanish by their summand indices. Every column is finite, so and on the algebraic direct sum. For , expansion gives . The commutator summands are integral by step 3.1. The only cross terms are . Their numerators are divisible by , using , and by , using . Adjacent denominators are the two distinct primes of step 1.1, so their product divides every matrix entry by [F2]. The conjugated operator therefore preserves the standard free integral span, proving stability of the -span. No nonadjacent repeated denominator creates a cross term.
The compatible basis and crystal charts. The inverse in step 4.1 proves that is a field basis with free integral span; its homogeneity is step 1.1. The coefficients are bar fixed, so the standard module bar fixes and remains compatible with the algebra action. The module is integrable because every vector occupies finitely many finite standard strings. By step 1.1, and its inverse preserve both regular charts and are the identity on both residues, so the charts and crystal vertices coincide with the standard direct-sum ones. Their Kashiwara operators are exactly the finite shifts in [F1]. Thus all four conditions of [F3] hold.
Balancedness, finite versions and exact column agreement. In the common basis , the three coefficient rings are ; their simultaneous intersection is and , since a Laurent polynomial regular at both ends is constant. Coefficientwise reduction therefore gives the integral balanced isomorphism, with finite support throughout. Omitting shears at indices at least preserves every preceding argument and gives the stated finite version. A standard action preserves each constituent summand; can raise the constituent index by at most one and by at most one. Thus the raw column of at index has indices at most and uses only shears with index at most , all present when ; its finite and infinite computations agree. Finally the signs at positions in the first string give exactly the two stated seed formulas and factor weights. Every vector, map and index is specified explicitly, so no choice is used.
Depends on
- Divided-power commutation and the simple $U_{q_i}(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ string modules
- Divided-power multiplication, toral binomials and the $E_i^{(a)}F_i^{(b)}$ reordering identity
- The Lusztig divided-power integral form $U_A$
- Uniqueness of the $i$-string decomposition of an integrable module
- $\Phi_n$ is irreducible in $\mathbb Q[t]$ for every $n\ge1$
- The Laurent polynomial ring is Noetherian and a unique factorisation domain
- The bar lattice and the divided-power integral lattice of a based module
- Balanced triples over the two charts of $\mathbb P^1$ and the globalization map
Used by
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Sources
- George Lusztig, Introduction to Quantum Groups, based-module conditions and divided-power rank-one calculus (standard reference, not scraped)
- Huancheng Bao and Weiqiang Wang, Canonical bases in tensor products revisited (standard reference, not scraped)