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Two cyclotomic shears give a periodic integrable based quantum sl-two chain

Statement

Put K=Q(q), A=Z[q,q−1], p=q+q−1 and h=q2+q−2. For k≥0 set

n2k=8k+2,n2k+1=8k+4,ℓ2k=2,ℓ2k+1=4,rj=ℓj−1,

and set pj=p for even j and pj=h for odd j. Let uj,a=F(a)uj,0, 0≤a≤nj, be the divided basis of the highest string V(nj), of weight nj−2a. On the algebraic module M=⨁j≥0V(nj) define

Tjuj,tℓj=(−1)tuj+1,rj+tℓj(0≤t≤nj/ℓj),

and define Tj to be zero on all other divided basis vectors. Put S=∑jTj/pj, C=1+S, and bj,a=Cuj,a.

Then S2=0 and C−1=1−S; these are finite-column algebraic operators. The homogeneous basis B={bj,a} has a free UA-stable integral span, its standard compatible bar fixes B, and its regular zero and infinity charts and crystal residues are those of the standard direct sum of divided strings. Thus it is an actual four-axiom based integrable finite-Cartan-type module, with a balanced integral triple and no choice assumption.

For every J≥0, the finite version M(J)=⨁0≤j≤JV(nj), with shears only for j<J, has the same properties. For every a∈UA the raw-coordinate action is C−1aC=a+[a,S]−SaS; its column at a raw basis vector of index j is supported at summand indices at most j+2. That column agrees with the finite version whenever J≥j+2.

The raw seed b0,0⊗b0,2 in two copies has total weight zero and factor weights 2,−2. Both factors are deformed: b0,0=u0,0+u1,1/p and b0,2=u0,2−u1,3/p. This statement constructs the modules and finite versions; it does not assert infinite tensor correction supports.

Facts & Assumptions

[F1]

On V(n), F(t)ua=(a+tt)qua+t and E(t)ua=(n−a+tt)qua−t, with zero outside the finite string. Toral generators, including toral quantum binomials, act by the scalar specified by the weight, in A. The standard bar fixes each divided vector, and the Kashiwara operators shift its position by one (Divided-power commutation and the simple Uqi(sl2) string modules, Uniqueness of the i-string decomposition of an integrable module).

[F2]

A is a unique-factorization domain; primitive irreducible integer polynomials not associated to q remain irreducible in it (The Laurent polynomial ring is Noetherian and a unique factorisation domain). The polynomials Φ4=q2+1 and Φ8=q4+1 are irreducible over the rationals (Φn is irreducible in Q[t] for every n≥1).

[F3]

The four based conditions are a homogeneous field basis, stability of its free A-span under UA, compatibility of its basis-fixing bar with the action, and the crystal basis in the basis-generated regular zero chart. A based subobject must be spanned by a subset of that basis (The bar lattice and the divided-power integral lattice of a based module).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1F1F2algebra

The two denominators and the weights. One has p=q−1Φ4 and h=q−2Φ8, so [F2] makes them nonassociate prime elements of A. Both are bar fixed, and 1/p=q/(1+q2) and 1/h=q2/(1+q4) belong to qA0 and, by bar invariance, to q−1A∞. The source highest weight nj is divisible by ℓj, and nj+1=nj+2rj for both parities. Hence every displayed target has the same weight as its source and lies in the target string.

2.1F2step 1.1algebra

All the modular Gaussian coefficients. For ℓ∈{2,4} reduce modulo q−ℓ/2Φ2ℓ(q), which is the corresponding pj. Then z=q2 has order ℓ and qℓ=−1. The generating identity ∏a=0N−1(1+zaX)=∑tzt(t−1)/2(Nt)zXt follows by multiplication and the Gaussian recurrence; each full block of length ℓ is 1−(−X)ℓ. It follows that a Gaussian coefficient with lower remainder larger than upper remainder modulo ℓ vanishes. For r=ℓ−1 and t≥0, the coefficient (r+tt)q vanishes unless t=vℓ; in that case its unsymmetrized Gaussian value is 1 and its symmetrizing factor is q−vℓ(ℓ−1)=(−1)v, since ℓ is even. This gives exactly the coefficients of Tj modulo pj. All reductions are in the integral domain A/(pj), so they are divisibilities in A.

3.1F1step 2.1algebra

Full divided-power intertwining modulo each denominator. Fix j, put n=nj=aℓj, r=ℓj−1 and m=n+2r, and take v=uj+1,r in VA(m)/(pj). Its weight is n. For 1≤t≤r, the coefficient of E(t)v is ((a+1)ℓj−1+tt)q, with upper remainder t−1 and lower remainder t, so it vanishes by step 2.1; larger t give zero by the endpoint. Also F(t)v vanishes for every t>n: until t=(a+1)ℓj−1 its nonzero remainder forces vanishing by step 2.1, and larger t exceed the target endpoint. The assignment uj,t↦F(t)v therefore intertwines all divided F actions by Gaussian multiplication. Divided E reordering, using the annihilation of all positive divided E powers on the weight-n vector v, gives exactly (n−t+ss)qF(t−s)v for E(s)F(t)v, including zero beyond the source endpoints. Toral elements act by matched weight scalars. Step 2.1 identifies this assignment with Tj modulo pj, proving [a,Tj]VA(nj)⊆pjVA(nj+1) for every a∈UA.

4.1F1F2step 1.1step 3.1algebra

Algebraic invertibility and integral cross terms. Every Tj is supported on even positions and has odd target positions. Thus Tj+1Tj=0 exactly, and all other twofold products vanish by their summand indices. Every column is finite, so S2=0 and C−1=1−S on the algebraic direct sum. For a∈UA, expansion gives C−1aC=a+[a,S]−SaS. The commutator summands are integral by step 3.1. The only cross terms are Tj+1aTj/(pj+1pj). Their numerators are divisible by pj, using Tj+1(aTj−Tja), and by pj+1, using (Tj+1a−aTj+1)Tj. Adjacent denominators are the two distinct primes of step 1.1, so their product divides every matrix entry by [F2]. The conjugated operator therefore preserves the standard free integral span, proving stability of the B-span. No nonadjacent repeated denominator creates a cross term.

5.1F1F3step 1.1step 4.1construct

The compatible basis and crystal charts. The inverse in step 4.1 proves that B is a field basis with free integral span; its homogeneity is step 1.1. The coefficients (−1)t/pj are bar fixed, so the standard module bar fixes B and remains compatible with the algebra action. The module is integrable because every vector occupies finitely many finite standard strings. By step 1.1, C and its inverse preserve both regular charts and are the identity on both residues, so the charts and crystal vertices coincide with the standard direct-sum ones. Their Kashiwara operators are exactly the finite shifts in [F1]. Thus all four conditions of [F3] hold.

6.1F1step 4.1step 5.1algebra∎

Balancedness, finite versions and exact column agreement. In the common basis B, the three coefficient rings are A,A0,A∞; their simultaneous intersection is Z and A∩A0=Z[q], since a Laurent polynomial regular at both ends is constant. Coefficientwise reduction therefore gives the integral balanced isomorphism, with finite support throughout. Omitting shears at indices at least J preserves every preceding argument and gives the stated finite version. A standard action a preserves each constituent summand; C can raise the constituent index by at most one and C−1 by at most one. Thus the raw column of C−1aC at index j has indices at most j+2 and uses only shears with index at most j+1, all present when J≥j+2; its finite and infinite computations agree. Finally the signs at positions 0,2 in the first string give exactly the two stated seed formulas and factor weights. Every vector, map and index is specified explicitly, so no choice is used.

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