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C1-cofinite ordinary intertwining spaces are finite dimensional

Statement

Let V be C1-cofinite in the ungraded HLZ convention, and let W1,W2,W3 and the contragredient W3' be C1-cofinite and quasi-finite-dimensional ordinary grading-restricted V-modules. Then dim I( W3 ; W1 W2 )<∞.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Work over C with the formal-variable, grading, and branch conventions in the linked definitions.

[F1]

C1-cofinite generalized module in the ungraded HLZ convention: Let V be an integer-graded Möbius or conformal vertex algebra with A=A~={0}, and W a generalized V-module. Put V+=⨁n>0Vn and C1(W)=span⁡⁡C{u−1w:u∈V+,w∈W}. The module is C1-cofinite when dim_C(W/C1(W))<∞.

[F2]

Intertwining-operator space and fusion multiplicity: For ordinary modules W1,W2,W3 of a conformal vertex algebra V, let I( W3 ; W1 W2 ) be the vector space of logarithm-free formal intertwining operators of that type, with the Jacobi, lower-truncation, and L(-1)-derivative conditions of def-cft-logarithmic-intertwining-operator and the ordinary grading convention. In a specified finite semisimple category its fusion multiplicity is dim I( Wk ; Wi Wj ) when that dimension is finite. Finite-dimensionality is a separate theorem, not part of this definition.

[F3]

Logarithmic intertwiners and P(z)-maps correspond: Fix z∈C×, p∈Z, and ℓ_p(z)=log|z|+i arg(z)+2πip with 0≤arg(z)<2π. For strongly graded generalized V-modules W1,W2,W3, IY,p(w1⊗w2)=Y(w1,eℓp(z))w2 is a linear isomorphism from grading-compatible logarithmic intertwiners of type (W3;W1,W2) to P(z)-intertwining maps of that type. Its inverse is YI,p(w1,x)w2=(yL(0)xL(0)I(y−L(0)x−L(0)w1⊗y−L(0)x−L(0)w2))∣y=e−ℓp(z).

[F4]

Ordinary module: An ordinary module for a conformal vertex algebra of CFT type is a grading-restricted generalized module in the sense of def-grading-restricted-generalized-vertex-module on which LM(0) acts semisimply. Equivalently, M is a direct sum of its ordinary eigenspaces Mh={m:LM(0)m=hm}, each eigenspace is finite dimensional, and the real parts of the occurring weights are bounded below. Ordinary-module status is a condition on the module action; it does not assert that the category of such modules is semisimple.

[F5]

Conformal vertex algebra of CFT type: A conformal vertex algebra of CFT type is a complex vertex algebra V in the sense of def-vertex-algebra-state-field, with a specified vector ω∈V and scalar c∈C, such that, writing Y(ω,z)=∑n∈ZL(n)z−n−2, the operators L(n) and scalar central action c satisfy the Virasoro relations of def-virasoro-algebra, and L(−1)=T. In addition, L(0) is diagonalizable, Vn:={v∈V:L(0)v=nv} gives V=⨁n≥0Vn, every Vn is finite dimensional, and V0=C1. Under this page's convention, this is a vertex operator algebra of CFT type. The grading and the CFT-type condition are part of the definition; they do not follow from the vertex-algebra axioms alone. The conformal weight of v∈Vn is n. A conformal vector, a grading, and the nonnegative grading condition are additional data beyond an ordinary vertex algebra.

[F6]

The restricted dual with opposite action is a contragredient module: For every grading-restricted generalized module M over a conformal vertex algebra V of CFT type, the opposite-field restricted dual M' is a grading-restricted generalized module, and componentwise evaluation M→M'' is a V-module isomorphism.

[F7]

Quasi-finite-dimensional generalized module: Let W=⨁h∈RW[h] be a generalized V-module with real generalized L(0)-weights. It is quasi-finite-dimensional if for every real N the strict cutoff sum ⨁h<NW[h] is finite dimensional.

[F8]

Finite generation of the multipoint Jacobi quotient defines the exact multipoint Ward/Jacobi relations and proves that the quotient is finitely generated and that intertwiner products annihilate the relations.

Proof

1.1givenF1F4F5F6F7F8algebra

Apply F8 with n=2, factors W3′,V,W1,W2 and R=C[z1±1,z2±1,(z1−z2)−1]. Its hypotheses hold for V too: its nonnegative integral grading and finite graded pieces imply quasi-finiteness. The quotient T/J is finitely generated, with one fixed finite set of generators independent of the intertwiner.

1.2F2F4F6algebra

We justify evaluation here without assuming the unresolved general convergence theorem. For homogeneous v∈V, a∈W1, b∈W2, c′∈W3′, and an ordinary intertwiner Y, the scalar expression ⟨c′,YW3(v,z1)Y(a,z2)b⟩ is z2Δ times the radial expansion of a rational function with poles only at z1=0,z2=0,z1=z2, where Δ=wt(c′)−wt(v)−wt(a)−wt(b). Indeed choose N with vka=0 for k≥N. The intertwiner Jacobi commutator gives locality after multiplication by (z1−z2)N, equating this product with ⟨c′,Y(a,z2)YW2(v,z1)b⟩. In the latter expression, truncation on b bounds the negative z1 powers. In the former, transpose to the grading-restricted W3′ bounds the positive z1 powers. The weight equation fixes the remaining z2 exponent; after factoring z2Δ the common series has finitely many z1 powers and is a Laurent polynomial. Cancelling (z1−z2)N proves the assertion. The binomial expansion of this rational function converges absolutely in ∣z1∣>∣z2∣>0. Finite sums handle nonhomogeneous inputs.

2.1F8step 1.1step 1.2algebra

Fix z10,z20 with ∣z10∣>∣z20∣>0 and a logarithm of z20. Step 1.2 defines actual scalar values for all elements of T, giving an R-linear functional when R acts on C by evaluation. F8 shows its formal value on every relation in J is zero; the convergent rational expressions of step 1.2 therefore show its evaluated value is zero too. It factors through Q=(T/J)⊗RC, a finite-dimensional space by step 1.1. The construction is linear in Y.

3.1F2F4F6step 2.1algebra∎

If the functional on Q is zero, take v=1. It follows that every matrix coefficient ⟨c′,Y(a,z20)b⟩ vanishes. For homogeneous a,b,c′, ordinary grading and absence of logarithms make this coefficient a single scalar times (z20)wt(c′)−wt(a)−wt(b). The latter factor is nonzero, so that scalar vanishes. Restricted-dual functionals separate each homogeneous coefficient, hence Y=0. Thus the intertwining space injects into the finite-dimensional Q∗, proving its finite dimension. This also gives an explicit one-point injectivity argument rather than requiring analytic uniqueness or a missing supplier.

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