Alphabeta Math

Trees, Forests and Spanning Trees — Examples

About this page
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

✓ 12 results · all verified · 0 also independently AI-judged
Every result on this page is machine-checked by a proof checker and read in full and owner-audited; the judge is an additional, independent cross-model AI review of the proofs. The 12 not AI-judged were verified by owner audit (typically over a confirmed judge false positive), not failures.
1 · Prerequisites
2 · Logical flowchart

3 · Items

Example

The isomorphism types of trees on at most five vertices

Example

A labelled tree and its Prüfer code computed in both directions

Example

τ(Cₙ)=n for every n≥3

Example

τ(K₄)=16 by direct Prüfer enumeration and Cayley's formula

Example

A fundamental cycle and a fundamental cut in a fixed spanning tree

Example

A connected graph with two distinct spanning trees

Example

Kruskal's and Prim's procedures on the same weighted graph

Counterexample

An acyclic graph need not be a tree

Counterexample

A graph on n vertices with n-1 edges need not be a tree

Counterexample

A weighted graph with two distinct minimum spanning trees

False statement

Cayley's formula counts unlabelled trees

False statement

Every edge of a connected graph lies in every spanning tree

Sources