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A finite-type domain over a field has finite normalization
Statement
Let be a field and let be a finite-type integral domain over . Then the integral closure of in is a finite -module. The proof is a Noether-normalisation reduction to the polynomial theorem and uses no choice principle.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: a field and a finite-type integral domain over .
Let be a field and a nonzero finite-type -algebra; then there are algebraically independent elements such that is a module-finite algebra over the polynomial ring , that is, is generated as a -module by finitely many elements (Noether normalisation yields module finiteness over a polynomial subring, Subalgebra generated by a subset, algebras of finite type, and module-finite algebras).
For commutative rings with and , the element is integral over if and only if there exists a faithful -module that is finitely generated over ; in particular a finite-module generation statement of this shape certifies integrality (Integrality and finite-module characterizations for one element, Integral elements over a commutative ring and algebraic integers, Integral ring maps and integral extensions).
Let be a field and , and let be a finite extension of the rational function field; then the integral closure of in is a finite module over (Polynomial algebras over fields have finite integral closures).
If are domains with integral over , then an element of is integral over if and only if it is integral over ; the integral closure of in a field extension of is a subring containing (Integral closure is unchanged across an integral intermediate domain, Integral extensions are transitive, Integral closure in an extension ring and integrally closed domains, Integral elements over a nonzero base ring form a subring).
A domain is a nonzero commutative ring without zero divisors, and is its field of fractions, the smallest field containing (The field of fractions of an integral domain, Zero divisor, and integral domain: a commutative ring with and no zero divisors, Field).
If are algebraic over a field , then is finite, where is the smallest subfield containing and the (An extension generated by finitely many algebraic elements is finite, Finitely generated field extensions , The degree of a finite field extension, Algebraic and transcendental elements and algebraic extensions).
Proof
By [L5] the finite-type domain over is nonzero, so [L1] applies: fix algebraically independent elements such that is module-finite over . Every is integral over : the ring is a faithful -module, because for every nonzero (evaluate at in the domain ), and it is a finite -module, so [L2] applies to inside . Hence with integral over .
The extension is a rational function field and is finite. Write with , using the module finiteness of step 1.1. Every element of lies in , and is a field containing , so by [L5]; each is integral over by step 1.1, hence algebraic over ; therefore is finite by [L6].
Apply [L3] with the base field , the algebraically independent elements (so that and ) and the finite extension of step 2.1: the integral closure of in is a finite -module.
Since is integral over by step 1.1 and , [L4] shows that an element of is integral over exactly when it is integral over ; hence is exactly the integral closure of in , and is a ring with . If , then every lies in , and every lies in because ; hence is generated as an -module by the same finitely many elements. Therefore the integral closure of in is a finite -module.
Depends on
- Noether normalisation yields module finiteness over a polynomial subring
- Subalgebra generated by a subset, algebras of finite type, and module-finite algebras
- Integrality and finite-module characterizations for one element
- Integral elements over a commutative ring and algebraic integers
- Integral ring maps and integral extensions
- Polynomial algebras over fields have finite integral closures
- Integral closure is unchanged across an integral intermediate domain
- Integral extensions are transitive
- Integral closure in an extension ring and integrally closed domains
- Integral elements over a nonzero base ring form a subring
- The field of fractions $\operatorname{Frac}(D)=(D\setminus\{0\})^{-1}D$ of an integral domain
- Zero divisor, and integral domain: a commutative ring with $1 \ne 0$ and no zero divisors
- Field
- An extension generated by finitely many algebraic elements is finite
- Finitely generated field extensions $F(a_1,\ldots,a_r)$
- The degree $[K:F]=\dim_F K$ of a finite field extension
- Algebraic and transcendental elements and algebraic extensions
- Polynomial rings in finitely many commuting indeterminates by iteration
Used by
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Sources
- Stacks Project, Lemmas 10.161.12–13 (Japanese rings) (standard reference, not scraped)
- J. S. Milne, A Primer of Commutative Algebra, §6, §17 (standard reference, not scraped)