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Nonintegral sl2 central characters split into two simple blocks
Example
Fix a finite-dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra , a Cartan subalgebra , and a positive Borel . Write , when , and .
For and , has exactly two distinct singleton linkage blocks, with labels and . Each block is equivalent to finite-dimensional complex vector spaces. In particular the central-character summand is semisimple but is not one indecomposable block.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The setting above and the hypotheses in the example.
Fix a finite-dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra , a Cartan subalgebra , and a positive Borel . Write , when , and . For a linkage class , let be the full subcategory of objects all of whose simple composition factors have labels in . Then , and each nonzero is indecomposable as a categorical direct summand. These are precisely the blocks. Each lies in ; a central-character summand can contain several blocks. Independently, grouping weights by cosets of the root lattice gives a canonical coarser decomposition by weight cosets. (Central-character summands refine into linkage blocks)
Fix a finite-dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra , a Cartan subalgebra , and a positive Borel . Write , when , and . Every short exact sequence in splits. (Verma self-extensions in O split)
Fix a finite-dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra , a Cartan subalgebra , and a positive Borel . Write , when , and . For , is finite dimensional. For every weight , . (Finite-dimensional Hom spaces in O)
is simple if and only if for every . (The Verma irreducibility criterion from Shapovalov determinants)
Let , let be a unital complex-algebra character, and put . For , the generalized central-character submodule is , and consists of the objects with . (Generalized central-character subcategories)
The simple objects of are exactly the modules , , and if and only if . (The simple objects of O)
If a cyclic highest-weight module has highest weight , then every acts on it by the scalar . (The Harish-Chandra projection computes the highest-weight scalar)
The highest-weight central characters satisfy if and only if . (Central characters are dot-Weyl orbits)
Every object of has a finite composition series and is both Noetherian and Artinian. The length of zero is zero. (Every object of O has finite length)
Verification
For , the dot orbit of is exactly . Its two labels are nonintegral and distinct: equality would imply . By F8 they have the same central character. Conversely, if a simple object belongs to , F6 writes it as . Its highest vector is killed by a power of every by F5, while F7 says that acts on it as . Hence , and F8 forces . Neither label has an integral root pairing, so each integral-reflection group is trivial. Both Vermas are simple by F4, and F1 therefore identifies exactly the two asserted singleton blocks.
Fix one label and put . Every object in this block has a finite composition series by F9, and all its factors are by F1. Every extension of by itself splits by F2. More generally an extension splits: push out along each coordinate projection , obtaining . Each has a retraction to its kernel . Composing these retractions with and collecting coordinates gives a retraction , hence a splitting. The case is immediate.
Induction on a composition series now expresses every object as a finite direct sum of . Since , maps between and are exactly complex matrices. Thus (with trivial action on the finite-dimensional multiplicity space) and are inverse equivalences. Zero corresponds to the zero-dimensional vector space.
Depends on
- Central-character summands refine into linkage blocks
- Verma self-extensions in O split
- Finite-dimensional Hom spaces in O
- The Verma irreducibility criterion from Shapovalov determinants
- Generalized central-character subcategories
- The simple objects of O
- The Harish-Chandra projection computes the highest-weight scalar
- Central characters are dot-Weyl orbits
- Every object of O has finite length
Used by
Nothing in the library uses this result yet.
Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- §15.1 Example 15.8, p.81 (standard reference, not scraped)