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Tensor product moments equal integration against the finite product measure
Statement
For the Gaussian coordinate data of Coordinatewise product-moment functional for tensor polynomials, let on the finite product of the relative Borel interval spaces, with binary products iterated from left to right. Every real coordinatewise tensor polynomial in that definition is integrable and This supplies a measure interpretation of the algebraic functional without redefining it. The conclusion also applies when each marginal measure is a probability law.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: , the finite positive coordinate moment measures and the real finite polynomial coefficients.
Positive-measure Gaussian quadrature moment data gives finite factor measures and finite absolute moments through each required coordinate degree; Coordinatewise product-moment functional for tensor polynomials fixes the finite coefficient and product/sum order.
For sigma-finite factors, the product measure exists, has the rectangle formula, is sigma-finite, and is unique gives each binary product measure, its rectangle formula and sigma-finiteness.
Tonelli's theorem for nonnegative measurable functions on a sigma-finite product factors iterated integrals of nonnegative product-measurable functions.
Fubini's theorem for L^1 functions on a sigma-finite product gives iterated integration for integrable functions; The Lebesgue integral is linear on gives scalar and finite-sum linearity.
The Borel product of R^m and R^n is the Borel sigma-algebra of R^{m+n}, The Borel sigma-algebra of a subspace is the trace of the ambient Borel sigma-algebra, and A continuous map has Borel preimages of Borel sets give product measurability of restrictions of continuous real coordinate polynomials; Sums, scalar multiples, products, absolute values, maxima, minima and quotients with nonvanishing denominator of continuous functions are continuous, as are constants, the identity and every polynomial function gives their continuity.
Proof
Each factor measure is finite, hence sigma-finite. Iterating [F2] constructs the finite product and makes it finite, with total mass equal to the product of the finite factor masses. For the product of intervals, the product sigma-algebra is the trace of the Euclidean Borel sigma-algebra: [F5] gives the binary Euclidean equality, and tracing its rectangle generators to the interval factors gives the corresponding trace equality; finite induction gives the -factor case. Hence each coordinate monomial and its absolute value are product-measurable by [F5].
Fix an allowed multi-index . Apply [F3] successively to the nonnegative function . At each step the inner one-variable integral is the finite absolute moment of the last coordinate, and it factors out as a nonnegative finite scalar. Induction therefore gives . Thus the signed real monomial is integrable.
Apply [F4] to that integrable monomial, integrating the last coordinate first. Its one-variable signed moment is ; repeat for the preceding coordinates. Each use is legitimate by the absolute integrability in step 2.1, and finite induction yields . At this is the moment definition itself.
A finite real linear combination of these integrable monomials is integrable by [F4]. Integrating that combination term by term in the fixed coefficient order from [F1] and substituting step 3.1 gives . No probability normalization or new choice assumption was used.
Depends on
- Coordinatewise product-moment functional for tensor polynomials
- Positive-measure Gaussian quadrature moment data
- For sigma-finite factors, the product measure exists, has the rectangle formula, is sigma-finite, and is unique
- Tonelli's theorem for nonnegative measurable functions on a sigma-finite product
- Fubini's theorem for L^1 functions on a sigma-finite product
- The Lebesgue integral is linear on $L^1(\mu)$
- The Borel product of R^m and R^n is the Borel sigma-algebra of R^{m+n}
- The Borel sigma-algebra of a subspace is the trace of the ambient Borel sigma-algebra
- A continuous map has Borel preimages of Borel sets
- Sums, scalar multiples, products, absolute values, maxima, minima and quotients with nonvanishing denominator of continuous functions are continuous, as are constants, the identity and every polynomial function
Used by
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Sources
- Tao, An Introduction to Measure Theory, §1.7 (standard reference, not scraped)