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The weighted area form is SL2(R)-invariant
Statement
Assume the Axiom of Choice (The Axiom of Choice). In the notation of Holomorphic and antiholomorphic discrete-series models, for every integer and :
(1) The weighted density attached to the model action is invariant: for every , the change of variables gives after pullback. Thus is a bijective linear isometry of , and is a unitary representation on this Hilbert space; the conjugate action is also unitary.
(2) These unitary representations are strongly continuous on .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: AC; the weighted models, group actions, and displayed vectors of Holomorphic and antiholomorphic discrete-series models; and the Hilbert space and dense K-type spans of The weighted discrete-series space is a Hilbert space with K-type basis.
The action is , obeys the group law; the antiholomorphic action is its conjugate (Holomorphic and antiholomorphic discrete-series models).
The fractional maps and define a group action of on with nonzero automorphy factors and (Holomorphic and antiholomorphic discrete-series models); the elementary identities and are verified in step 1.1.
The quotient rule gives , and the real Jacobian of a holomorphic map is (Linearity, product, reciprocal, and quotient rules for complex derivatives, The Jacobian determinant of a holomorphic map is and is positive exactly where ).
A C1 diffeomorphism between open Euclidean sets changes variables for every nonnegative Lebesgue-measurable integrand (A C^1 diffeomorphism satisfies the change-of-variables formula for nonnegative Lebesgue measurable functions).
is Hilbert and the span of the vectors is dense; the analogous conjugate span is dense in (The weighted discrete-series space is a Hilbert space with K-type basis, Holomorphic and antiholomorphic discrete-series models).
A unitary representation is a group action by bijective linear isometries on a Hilbert space whose orbit maps are norm-continuous (Strongly continuous unitary representations, invariant linear subspaces and intertwiners).
AC supplies Countable Choice, required by [F4] (The Axiom of Choice, The Axiom of Countable Choice (), AC supplies the countable and dependent choices used in Banach integration).
Proof
Given: The assumptions and notation of the Statement.
Write and . Expanding against the conjugate denominator gives , and multiplying matrices gives the cocycle law , which for yields . By [F3], ; by the imaginary-part identity, . The inverse relation gives , so . Multiplying these three factors cancels the exponent , proving the stated pullback identity for the weighted density.
Set and . The inverse gives and , so [F3] and [F4] give . Here . Write and put and . Substitution in [F1] gives . At one has and . Continuity of their coefficients makes on for sufficiently close to , and the displayed rational functions converge uniformly there to . Since , the disk weight has finite integral, at most ; hence this uniform convergence implies . Linearity proves continuity at on their finite span.
The map is a C1 diffeomorphism with inverse . Apply [F4] to the nonnegative measurable function ; the pullback identity of step 1.1 gives , including the extended integral identity when either side is infinite. For this is finite, so maps that space into itself and is an isometry. By [F1], is its inverse and the maps obey the group law. Thus they are bijective linear isometries; conjugation gives the same claims for .
This span is dense by [F5], and every is an isometry by step 2.1. For arbitrary and a vector in the span, . First approximate and then use step 1.2 to obtain continuity at . At , the group law gives . Thus [F6] gives strong continuity on ; complex conjugation gives the same conclusion for .
Depends on
- Holomorphic and antiholomorphic discrete-series models
- The weighted discrete-series space is a Hilbert space with K-type basis
- Linearity, product, reciprocal, and quotient rules for complex derivatives
- The Jacobian determinant of a holomorphic map is $|f'|^2$ and is positive exactly where $f'\ne0$
- A C^1 diffeomorphism satisfies the change-of-variables formula for nonnegative Lebesgue measurable functions
- Strongly continuous unitary representations, invariant linear subspaces and intertwiners
- The Axiom of Countable Choice ($\mathrm{AC}_\omega$)
- AC supplies the countable and dependent choices used in Banach integration
- The Axiom of Choice
Used by
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Sources
- Emmanuel Kowalski, An Introduction to the Representation Theory of Groups (AMS GSM 155; author's PDF) (standard reference, not scraped)
- Matt Kerr, Notes on the Representation Theory of SL2(R) (CBMS workshop writeup) (standard reference, not scraped)