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Normally convergent products define holomorphic functions with the expected zeros
Statement
Let be open, and let be holomorphic functions on whose product is normally convergent in the sense of Normal convergence of holomorphic products. Then the partial products
converge locally uniformly on to a holomorphic function .
Moreover, on every compact set , all but finitely many factors are zero-free and the tail limit is zero-free. If no factor vanishes identically on any connected component of , the zeros of on , counted with multiplicity, are exactly those contributed by the finitely many exceptional factors.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: An open set and a normally convergent holomorphic product on . The multiplicity conclusion additionally assumes that no factor vanishes identically on any connected component of .
Normal convergence means that on each compact there is an index such that has no zero on for and (Normal convergence of holomorphic products).
If converges, then converges; its value is nonzero when every factor is nonzero (Absolute convergence criterion for complex infinite products).
Locally uniform limits of holomorphic functions are holomorphic (Locally uniform limits of holomorphic functions are holomorphic and their derivatives converge locally uniformly).
Multiplication by a holomorphic factor that is nonzero at a point does not change the order of a zero there (The order of a zero is the exponent in its local holomorphic factorization).
Proof
Fix a compact set . By [F1], choose so that has no zero on for and satisfies ; enlarging if needed, assume also for .
For and , one has , while for . By [F2], the real products and converge, and the latter has positive value because all its factors are positive. Thus the tail partial products of are uniformly bounded above and uniformly bounded away from on .
The estimate of step 2.1 implies that the tail partial products are uniformly Cauchy on , hence converge uniformly there to a continuous zero-free limit ; multiplying by the finite holomorphic prefix gives uniform convergence of the full partial products on . Because was arbitrary, the convergence is locally uniform on , and [F3] makes the limit function holomorphic.
On the fixed compact set , write with holomorphic and zero-free by step 3.1. If no factor vanishes identically on any connected component of , the finitely many prefix factors have only isolated zeros on their respective components, and [F4] shows that every zero of on , with its multiplicity, comes from that finite prefix and no tail factor contributes a new zero.
Depends on
Used by
- The logarithmic derivative of a normally convergent product Corollary
- Blaschke factors and Blaschke products Definition
- The product ∏_n≥0(1+z/2ⁿ) defines an entire zero-free tail limit after the first factor Example
- The Jacobi product formula for the discriminant Lemma
- A canonical product converges when the (p+1)-power reciprocal sum converges Theorem
- Boundary values and zeros of a Blaschke product Theorem
- Every locally finite effective divisor on a plane domain is a holomorphic zero divisor Theorem
- Jacobi theta triple product and nonvanishing of the theta constant Theorem
- Weierstrass product theorem on the complex plane Theorem
Dependency tree · two levels
21 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Elias M. Stein and Rami Shakarchi, Complex Analysis, Ch. 5 Infinite products (standard reference, not scraped)
- Matthias Weber, Complex Analysis, Ch. 3 §3.2 (standard reference, not scraped)