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ExampleConstruction: AI-adaptedVerification: AI-generatedPipeline-generatedprecheck passverified 2026-10-22 (gpt-6.1-sol)
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Tetrads, Lorentz connections and spin interfaces — model 2

Statement

Assume ACω. Let M=R4 with standard coordinates (x0,x1,x2,x3), metric g=ηIJdxI⊗dxJ for η=diag⁡(−1,1,1,1), time orientation N=∂/∂x0, and the standard orientation. The Cartesian tetrad on all of M is EI=∂/∂xI, with dual coframe eI=dxI. Connections below are smooth affine connections on TM. Define the positive-definite form δ=I4 and its orientation-preserving orthogonal group SO(4):={R∈GL(4,R):RTδR=δ, det⁡R=1}. Let r∈R∖{0} and consider the constant Lorentz boost

B(r)=(cosh⁡rsinh⁡r00sinh⁡rcosh⁡r0000100001).

It belongs to SO+(1,3) but not to SO(4). Consequently, for any set S and map q:S→SO(4), no a∈S satisfies q(a)=B(r) as matrices. With σ1=(0110), the Lorentzian covering sends A(r)=exp⁡(rσ1/2)∈SL(2,C) to B(r) in the Hermitian matrix model. In the Cartesian tetrad, zero is the connection matrix of the unique torsion-free metric-compatible affine connection, and the Clifford interface uses the Lorentzian matrix η, not δ.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The explicitly specified Minkowski manifold, coordinates, tetrad, quadratic forms, comparison group, and nonzero real boost parameter from the Statement. All coframes and connections are defined on M=R4.

[A1]

Assume ACω (The Axiom of Countable Choice (ACω)); maps with codomain SO(4) are comparison data only.

[F1]

Local Lorentz tetrad and connection: Lorentz coframes use η=diag⁡(−1,1,1,1), with T=de+ω∧e and F=dω+ω∧ω.

[F2]

Torsion-free tetrad equivalence to Levi-Civita: zero torsion and η-skewness give the unique metric-selected Levi-Civita connection.

[F3]

Lorentzian spin-lift interface: the Lorentzian spin group is SL(2,C) and its structure map targets the oriented time-oriented frame bundle through SO+(1,3).

[F4]

The Lorentzian spin double cover from Hermitian matrices: the action on Hermitian matrices preserves −det⁡X and covers SO+(1,3).

[F5]

Local spin-connection Clifford compatibility: under its stated local matrix hypotheses, the Clifford identity uses η and ωIJ=−ωJI; it does not assert compatibility with a separately supplied group representation.

Verification

1.1givenA1F3algebra

Put c=cosh⁡r and s=sinh⁡r. Multiplying the upper-left 2×2 block gives B(r)TηB(r)=η, because c2−s2=1 and the off-diagonal time-space terms cancel. The determinant of that block is 1, the remaining block is identity, and B(r)e0=(c,s,0,0) is future timelike since c>∣s∣. Hence B(r)∈SO+(1,3). For the Euclidean form, however, δ(B(r)e0,B(r)e0)=c2+s2>1=δ(e0,e0) for r≠0, so B(r)∉SO(4). Thus B(r) is not in the image of any map with codomain SO(4).

2.1F3F4step 1.1algebra

Write A(r)=cosh⁡(r/2)I+sinh⁡(r/2)σ1. Its eigenvalues are er/2 and e−r/2, so det⁡A(r)=1. Pauli multiplication gives AIA†=cosh⁡r I+sinh⁡r σ1, Aσ1A†=sinh⁡r I+cosh⁡r σ1, and AσjA†=σj for j=2,3; thus its Hermitian action is exactly B(r). By [F4] it is the Lorentzian spin lift, consistent with the target group in [F3].

3.1F1F2F5step 1.1step 2.1algebra∎

On the Cartesian tetrad eI=dxI, deI=0, so ω=0 gives zero torsion and is η-skew. By [F2] it induces the unique Levi-Civita connection. The boost B(r) is constant on spacetime, so e′=B(r)e also has de′=0 and its transformed connection is ω′=0 by [F1]; the torsion remains zero. The local matrix identity from [F5] uses the same η; it does not identify this operator as one induced by a group representation. Thus the Euclidean orthogonal comparison group does not supply this Lorentzian interface.

Depends on

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