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Smeared Wick powers have a two-dimensional L² limit
Statement
Assume the Axiom of Choice, its countable-family consequence, and . Let , , the fixed nonnegative mollifier , , and be as in the earlier cutoff definition. Here is the space of square-integrable complex random variables modulo almost-everywhere equality, with norm . For every integer and every bounded measurable compactly supported , the family is Cauchy in as ; write its limit as . If is real-valued, then is a real -class. For all such ,
The kernel satisfies for and for , as established by the earlier covariance-kernel analysis.
Statement references
Facts & Assumptions
Given: Assume the Axiom of Choice and its countable-family consequence. Fix , an integer , and bounded measurable compactly supported .
The full Axiom of Choice is a hypothesis of the Gaussian field construction and finite Gaussian Wick suppliers. The Axiom of Choice
Countable Choice is inherited from [A1] and is the hypothesis used by the complex completeness supplier. The Axiom of Countable Choice ()
The earlier definition specifies the real centered generalized Gaussian field, its covariance Fourier convention, the fixed mollifier, and each finite-cutoff Wick polynomial and smearing. Mollified massive two-dimensional Gaussian Wick powers
For each , , where ; for it tends to and has a uniform logarithmic bound on compact difference sets. Logarithmic singularity and decay of the massive two-dimensional covariance
If are centered jointly Gaussian with covariance , then with each Wick power normalized by its own variance. Cross-covariance of finite Gaussian Wick powers
Fubini's theorem exchanges the probability and compact-support Lebesgue integrals when the product is absolutely integrable. Fubini's theorem for L^1 functions on a sigma-finite product
An almost-everywhere convergent sequence dominated by one integrable function converges in and its integrals converge. Dominated convergence
Cauchy sequences in converge in that norm under Countable Choice. Complex Lp completeness and almost-everywhere subsequences
The inner product satisfies . Cauchy–Schwarz: , with equality exactly for dependent pairs
Proof
Given: [A1]–[A2], [F1]–[F7], , , and .
For fixed , the smoothed fields at are jointly centered Gaussian by [F1], and their cross-covariance is by [F2]. Apply [F3] to obtain . For fixed cutoffs, each variance is finite and independent of by translation invariance; Cauchy–Schwarz [F7] therefore bounds the absolute expected product by a finite constant on the bounded support of . Fubini [F4] applies and yields . For measurability of the samplewise smearing, on a fixed bounded box containing the support replace the continuous function on each fine grid cell by its value at one fixed point of that cell. Its integral against is a finite sum of measurable evaluations with deterministic coefficients ; uniform continuity on the box makes the sums converge to the samplewise integral. The same approximations make the field jointly measurable in sample and position, so Fubini applies to measurable functions.
Let be bounded supports of . By [F2], for every and, on the bounded difference set , its absolute value is bounded by for all sufficiently small cutoffs. This majorant is locally integrable: on the annulus its integral is at most , and the resulting series converges by the ratio test. Consequently is integrable on : for fixed , the translated bounded set lies in one fixed disk on which the logarithmic power is integrable, uniformly in , and has finite area. For every sequence , apply [F5] on this product to get . Sequential characterization of limits in gives the same joint limit as .
Take . The right side of step 2.1 is a fixed finite real number, being the limit of the nonnegative diagonal covariances. Expanding the squared norm gives , which tends to zero by step 2.1. Thus the cutoff family is Cauchy in , and [F6] supplies its limit . Applying the mixed covariance convergence in step 2.1 and [F7] to pass both factors to their limits proves the displayed covariance formula for . For real , each cutoff smearing is real; continuity of the imaginary-part map in gives , so the limit class is real.
Depends on
The Axiom of Choice
The Axiom of Countable Choice ()
Mollified massive two-dimensional Gaussian Wick powers
Cross-covariance of finite Gaussian Wick powers
Logarithmic singularity and decay of the massive two-dimensional covariance
Cauchy–Schwarz: , with equality exactly for dependent pairs
Complex Lp completeness and almost-everywhere subsequences
Dominated convergence
Fubini's theorem for L^1 functions on a sigma-finite product