How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Induced boundary orientation
Definition
For an oriented manifold with boundary, orient by the outward-normal-first rule: an outward vector first, followed by a positive boundary determinant, is a positive determinant of .
Depends on
Used by
- A cycle has zero algebraic intersection with a bounding cycle Corollary
- Sphere self-maps are homotopic exactly when their degrees agree Corollary
- Sphere self-maps of degree ±1 are exactly the homotopy equivalences Corollary
- A reflected sphere embedding is regularly homotopic but not isotopic to the standard one Counterexample
- Vanishing stable characteristic classes do not make two embeddings isotopic Counterexample
- Attaching-belt intersection matrix of adjacent-index handles Definition
- Coherence of Seifert circles and the height of a diagram Definition
- Oriented smooth cobordism Definition
- Regular oriented surface regions with corners Definition
- Standard orientation of the affine simplex Definition
- Surgery trace cobordism Definition
- The reduced degree of a map into the 0-sphere Definition
- A circle is the boundary of a disk Example
- A cylinder with oppositely oriented boundary components Example
- A sphere reflection has degree minus one Example
- Boundary orientation of the unit sphere by the outward normal Example
- Collapsing k oriented disks realizes degree k Example
- Degree of a reflection of a sphere Example
- Positive-dimensional real projective space is orientable exactly in odd dimension Example
- Signed points give the oriented zero-bordism invariant Example
- The boundary of an oriented interval Example
- The pair of pants is a cobordism realizing addition of circles Example
- Two unoriented points bound an interval Example
- Boundary orientation is inward-normal-first False statement
- An ambient isotopy preserves the orientation of an invariant round sphere Lemma
- Arbitrary metric Morse--Smale end counts form finite Morse chain complexes Lemma
- Bordant cycles have equal intersection numbers Lemma
- Boundary orientation of the compactified one-dimensional Morse moduli space Lemma
- Cellular boundary coefficients are the signed trajectory counts Lemma
- Collar gluing and seam smoothing give transitivity Lemma
- Compact-support Stokes on the upper half-space Lemma
- Cylinders give reflexivity of cobordism Lemma
- Every integer is realized by a map to the sphere Lemma
- Finite tangent index count and inward boundary sum Lemma
- Handle boundary coefficients are attaching-belt intersection numbers Lemma
- Orientation lines orient the continuation moduli spaces compatibly with gluing Lemma
- Oriented boundary counts of a compact oriented 1-manifold cancel Lemma
- Oriented boundary of an intersection trace has opposite end signs Lemma
- Product boundary formula for oriented manifolds Lemma
- Reversing a cobordism gives symmetry Lemma
…and 14 more results.
Dependency tree · two levels
8 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Ioan Mărcuț, Manifolds (2017 lecture notes), §§14.5, 15.1 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Will Merry, Differential Geometry (2021), Lecture 24 (standard reference, not scraped)