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Controlled derivative transforms are contained in derivatives of the controlled transform

Statement

Let (I,μ) be a marked ideal on a smooth K-scheme, C⊆supp⁡(I,μ) a regular center with SNC with E, σ ⁣:X′→X the blowup with exceptional divisor D, and 0≤r≤μ (Multiple test blow-ups, controlled transforms and resolutions of marked ideals). Then σc(Dr(I),μ−r)⊆Dr(σc(I,μ)), i.e. the controlled transform of the r-th derivative ideal is contained in the r-th derivative ideal of the controlled transform (Derivative ideals of an ideal sheaf and of a marked ideal).

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A marked ideal (I,μ) on a smooth K-scheme X, a regular center C⊆supp⁡(I,μ) with SNC with E, the blowup σ ⁣:X′→X with exceptional divisor D and local equation y, and 0≤r≤μ.

[F1]

Derivative ideals of an ideal sheaf and of a marked ideal: D(A) is generated by the local sections of A and their first derivatives with respect to local coordinates; equivalently by the sections f∈A together with D(f) for K-derivations D of OX; Dr is the iterate and Dr(I,μ)=(Dr(I),μ−r).

[F2]

Multiple test blow-ups, controlled transforms and resolutions of marked ideals, Controlled transforms are well defined: the controlled transform is σc(A,ν)=(I(D)−νσ∗A,ν), computed by f↦y−νσ∗(f) on sections; it is an ideal sheaf, well defined up to units.

[F3]

embedding dimension and regular local ring, Blowup of a scheme along an ideal sheaf: at a point of C choose local parameters u1,…,un with C described by u1=⋯=um=0 and y=um; the corresponding chart of the blowup has coordinates ui′=ui/y (i<m), ui′=ui (i>m), um′=um=y.

[F4]

Derivation of an algebra, Derivations are maps out of Ω: the K-derivations of the structure sheaf form a locally free sheaf; a derivation is determined by its values on local coordinates, and yσ∗(D) for a derivation D on X acts on σ∗(f) by yσ∗(Df).

[F5]

Iterated derivative ideals preserve support in the safe characteristic range: for 0≤j≤μ−1, supp⁡(I,μ)⊆supp⁡(Dj(I),μ−j) in every characteristic, so the center hypothesis transfers to the lower derivative ideal.

Proof

1.1F3F4

Use the adapted blowup coordinates of [F3]. The chain rule gives δ:=yσ∗D∈Der⁡K(OX′) for each coordinate derivation D on X, and δ(y)/y is regular: for normal directions different from the chart index δ(y)=0, for the chart-index direction δ(y)=y, and for the tangent directions δ(y)=0. Linear combinations have the same properties.

2.1F1F2step 1.1algebra

Put I′=y−μσ∗I. For a generator f∈I, write σ∗f=yμg with g∈I′. Leibniz gives y1−μσ∗(Df)=δ(g)+μ(δ(y)/y)g∈D(I′). The undifferentiated generator of D(I) transforms to y1−μσ∗f=yg∈I′. These two calculations, including the original ideal generators, prove σc(D(I),μ−1)⊆D(I′). No division by the characteristic is used.

3.1F1F5step 2.1∎

The case r=0 is equality. For 1≤r≤μ, [F5] makes the center admissible for (Dr−1(I),μ−r+1). Apply step 2.1 to this marked ideal and then use monotonicity of D and the induction hypothesis: σc(Dr(I),μ−r)⊆D(σc(Dr−1(I),μ−r+1))⊆Dr(I′). This completes the induction.

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