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A box with a degenerate side is Lebesgue null, and so is every coordinate hyperplane in
Statement
Let and assume the Axiom of Countable Choice (The Axiom of Countable Choice ()). Then:
- Degenerate boxes. If are reals with for some , then every set between the open box and the closed rectangle is Lebesgue measurable with .
- Coordinate hyperplanes. For and a real , the set is Lebesgue measurable with .
At the hyperplane is the singleton .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A natural number , the Axiom of Countable Choice, an index and a real .
Every set with is Lebesgue measurable with , and it gives measure to all of them whenever for some (A box in with parameters is Lebesgue measurable of measure , whichever of its faces are included).
Assuming countable choice, is a sigma-algebra and is a complete measure on it (Assuming countable choice, is a sigma-algebra containing every elementary set and is a complete measure extending elementary volume).
Assuming countable choice, every Borel subset of is Lebesgue measurable (Assuming countable choice, every Borel subset of is Lebesgue measurable).
For a measure and measurable , (Finite and countable subadditivity of measures).
A measurable set is -null if (Measure-null sets and almost-everywhere statements relative to a measure); a sigma-algebra is closed under countable unions (Sigma-algebras).
Every complete ordered field is Archimedean: for every there is a natural number with (Every complete ordered field is Archimedean).
Proof
Claim 1 is the degenerate case of the box theorem, whose value carries the factor .
For a natural number put . This is always the closed rectangle with sides for and the degenerate side in coordinate .
Each is Lebesgue measurable of measure by claim 1.
The union is , since a point of the hyperplane has finitely many coordinates and the Archimedean property supplies a natural above each and above .
Therefore is a countable union of measurable sets, hence measurable, and countable subadditivity gives ; at the set is .
Depends on
- A box in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with parameters $a_i\le b_i$ is Lebesgue measurable of measure $\prod_{i<n}(b_i-a_i)$, whichever of its faces are included
- Assuming countable choice, every Borel subset of $\mathbb{R}^n$ is Lebesgue measurable
- Assuming countable choice, $\mathcal{L}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ is a sigma-algebra containing every elementary set and $\lambda_n$ is a complete measure extending elementary volume
- Finite and countable subadditivity of measures
- Half-open boxes in $\mathbb{R}^n$ and their volume
- Axis-parallel rectangles in $\mathbb{R}^m$ and their volume
- Measure-null sets and almost-everywhere statements relative to a measure
- Sigma-algebras
- Every complete ordered field is Archimedean
- The Axiom of Countable Choice ($\mathrm{AC}_\omega$)
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
49 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- John K. Hunter, Measure Theory (UC Davis lecture notes), Chapter 2 (standard reference, not scraped)
- T. Tao, An Introduction to Measure Theory (GSM 126), Section 1.2 (standard reference, not scraped)