Alphabeta Math
TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedSession-authored (Fable 5 assisted)precheck passjudge pass (openai/gpt-5.4)audited 2026-07-24
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The reals are complete

Statement

Every Cauchy sequence of real numbers (Limits and Cauchy sequences of reals) converges to a real number. Together with The reals form a totally ordered field, this completes the construction: R\mathbb{R} is a complete totally ordered field.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A Cauchy sequence (xk)k1(x_k)_{k \ge 1} of reals.

[L1]

Rational approximation: for any real zz and rational η>0\eta > 0 there is qq with zq^<η^|z - \hat q| < \hat\eta (The rationals embed densely in the reals).

[L2]

Archimedean property: for rational ε>0\varepsilon > 0 there is kk with 1/k<ε1/k < \varepsilon (The rationals are Archimedean).

[L3]

Cauchy definitions in Q\mathbb{Q} and R\mathbb{R} (Cauchy sequence of rationals, Limits and Cauchy sequences of reals).

[L4]

The embedding preserves and reflects order and arithmetic; triangle inequality in R\mathbb{R} (The rationals embed densely in the reals, The reals form a totally ordered field, Order on the reals).

[L5]

Reals are classes of rational Cauchy sequences (The real numbers).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1

For each k1k \ge 1 pick a rational qkq_k with xkq^k<1/k^|x_k - \hat q_k| < \widehat{1/k}.

L1choose
2.1

(qk)(q_k) is Cauchy in Q\mathbb{Q}: given rational ε>0\varepsilon > 0, pick k0k_0 with 1/k0<ε/31/k_0 < \varepsilon/3 and KK with xkxl<ε/3^|x_k - x_l| < \widehat{\varepsilon/3} for k,lKk, l \ge K; then for k,lmax(k0,K)k, l \ge \max(k_0, K), qkql^q^kxk+xkxl+xlq^l<1/k^+ε/3^+1/l^3ε/3^=ε^\widehat{|q_k - q_l|} \le |\hat q_k - x_k| + |x_k - x_l| + |x_l - \hat q_l| < \widehat{1/k} + \widehat{\varepsilon/3} + \widehat{1/l} \le 3\,\widehat{\varepsilon/3} = \hat\varepsilon, and the embedding reflects order, so qkql<ε|q_k - q_l| < \varepsilon.

step 1.1L2L3L4
3.1

Set x:=[(qk)]Rx := [(q_k)] \in \mathbb{R}, the class of this rational Cauchy sequence.

step 2.1L5
4.1

xkxx_k \to x: given rational ε>0\varepsilon > 0, pick k1k_1 with 1/k1<ε/31/k_1 < \varepsilon/3 and K2K_2 with qkql<ε/3|q_k - q_l| < \varepsilon/3 for k,lK2k, l \ge K_2; for kmax(k1,K2)k \ge \max(k_1, K_2), the difference q^kx\hat q_k - x has representative (qkql)l(q_k - q_l)_l, whose absolute values qkql|q_k - q_l| are eventually below ε/3\varepsilon/3, so q^kxε/3^|\hat q_k - x| \le \widehat{\varepsilon/3}, and xkxxkq^k+q^kx<1/k^+ε/3^2ε/3^<ε^|x_k - x| \le |x_k - \hat q_k| + |\hat q_k - x| < \widehat{1/k} + \widehat{\varepsilon/3} \le 2\,\widehat{\varepsilon/3} < \hat\varepsilon.

step 1.1step 2.1step 3.1L4
5.1

Every Cauchy sequence of reals converges in R\mathbb{R}: the reals are complete.

step 4.1

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · next 3 levels

Direct dependencies and their dependencies through the next three levels: 42 results over 20 levels. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, and this result sits at the bottom with a heavier outline. Click the chart to enlarge it.

Sources