How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Abelian groups form an abelian category
Statement
The category of abelian groups and homomorphisms is an abelian category.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The category of abelian groups.
Abelian groups and -modules have the same objects and morphisms (Abelian groups and -modules have the same objects and morphisms).
For every ring , the category is complete and cocomplete (Left modules over a fixed ring and module homomorphisms form the large locally small category , For every ring R, the category R-Mod is complete and cocomplete).
For a module homomorphism, the kernel, image, and cokernel are the usual submodule and quotient constructions (Module homomorphism and isomorphism, kernel, image and cokernel).
The first isomorphism theorem for modules identifies with (First isomorphism theorem for modules: ).
Proof
By [L1], is the same category as . The hom-sets are therefore abelian groups under pointwise addition, and by [L2] finite products and coproducts exist and are the usual direct sums. So is additive.
Again by [L1], kernels and cokernels in are the module kernels and cokernels from [L3]. The coimage of a homomorphism is , its image is the usual image subgroup, and [L4] identifies them canonically. Hence the AB1 and AB2 clauses of Abelian category hold, so is abelian.
Depends on
- Abelian groups and $\mathbb Z$-modules have the same objects and morphisms
- Abelian category
- Left modules over a fixed ring and module homomorphisms form the large locally small category $R\text{-}\mathbf{Mod}$
- Module homomorphism and isomorphism, kernel, image and cokernel
- First isomorphism theorem for modules: $M/\ker f\cong\operatorname{im}f$
- For every ring R, the category R-Mod is complete and cocomplete
Used by
- Exact module tensor functors correspond to right-flat bimodules Corollary
- A coproduct-preserving left exact module functor is not tensor Counterexample
- A degreewise split cone sequence with no chain splitting Counterexample
- A general member of an abelian group need not come from an element Counterexample
- A non-split short exact sequence of abelian groups Counterexample
- A quasi-isomorphism that is not an isomorphism of complexes Counterexample
- A snake configuration whose kernel row is not short exact Counterexample
- An acyclic noncontractible complex from a nonsplit extension Counterexample
- Hom is not exact Counterexample
- The kernel row of a morphism of short exact sequences need not be short exact Counterexample
- The members of an object do not form a group Counterexample
- Two distinct chain maps inducing the same homology map Counterexample
- Two morphisms agreeing on every member need not be equal Counterexample
- A chain map computed on cycles, boundaries, and homology Example
- A contracting homotopy for the two-term identity complex Example
- A member chase verifying monicity Example
- A split exact complex and its contraction Example
- An ordinary element as the member from the integers Example
- Euler-Poincare for a finite complex Example
- Kernels, cokernels, images, and coimages in abelian groups are the familiar subgroup and quotient constructions Example
- Members of an abelian group correspond to its subgroups Example
- Relative homology of a map between stalk complexes Example
- Representations of the quiver 1 -> 2 in abelian groups form an abelian category Example
- Shifting a three-term complex with all signs Example
- The cone of multiplication by m on the integers Example
- The cone of zero and of the identity Example
- The connecting morphism computed for a short exact sequence of abelian groups Example
- The covering criterion checked in abelian groups Example
- The Hom complex of two two-term complexes Example
- The kernel row failure for multiplication by two computed Example
- The mapping cylinder of an inclusion of two-term complexes Example
- The multiplication-by-m complex computes a cyclic group Example
- The nine lemma verified on a diagram of cyclic groups Example
- The short five lemma chased with members Example
- The snake lemma applied to multiplication by an integer Example
- The three-cone calculation for a composite Example
- FALSE: a chain map is determined by its maps on homology False statement
- FALSE: any sequence of morphisms is a chain complex False statement
- FALSE: every quasi-isomorphism is an isomorphism of complexes False statement
- FALSE: the degreewise splitting of the cone sequence is a chain splitting False statement
…and 5 more results.
Dependency tree · two levels
29 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Gautam Tamme, Algebra II Lecture 9, §9.4 (standard reference, not scraped)
- The Stacks Project, Section 12.5 (standard reference, not scraped)