How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Proper morphisms
Definition
A morphism of schemes is proper if and only if it is separated, of finite type, and universally closed. Here separatedness has the meaning of Separated morphism of schemes, finite type has the meaning of Locally finite type and finite type morphisms, and universally closed has the meaning of Universally closed morphisms. The definition applies to arbitrary schemes: it assumes neither Noetherian hypotheses nor finite presentation.
Depends on
Used by
- Euler characteristic in a proper flat family is locally constant Corollary
- Finite morphisms are proper Corollary
- Finite-dimensional coherent cohomology over a field Corollary
- Global functions on geometrically connected and geometrically reduced proper schemes Corollary
- Proper birational normal curves agree off finitely many points Corollary
- Upper semicontinuity of fibre cohomology dimensions Corollary
- A nonclosed open immersion is not proper Counterexample
- A proper nonprojective scheme from glued projective spaces Counterexample
- Proper cohomology need not be finite for noncoherent sheaves Counterexample
- The affine line is not proper Counterexample
- Under AC, proper integral finite-type schemes over fields with multiple points are not affine Counterexample
- Cohomology and base-change map Definition
- Complete varieties Definition
- Euler characteristic of a coherent sheaf Definition
- Relative very ampleness in the finite projective-space convention Definition
- All twists on the projective line Example
- The empty morphism is finite, proper and projective Example
- Chow lemma for proper Noetherian schemes Lemma
- Closed gluing of two projective three-spaces is proper Lemma
- Euler characteristic is additive in short exact sequences Lemma
- Eventual generation of coherent projective twists Lemma
- Finite projective complex for proper flat coherent cohomology Lemma
- Finite-stage descent of properness for finitely presented schemes Lemma
- Flat field extension commutes with coherent cohomology Lemma
- Morphisms from a proper scheme to a separated one are proper Lemma
- Noetherian approximation of proper flat finitely presented sheaf data Lemma
- Properness is local on the target Lemma
- Properness survives arbitrary base change Lemma
- Properness survives composition Lemma
- Universal finite projective cohomology complex over any base Lemma
- Upper semicontinuity of proper fibre dimension Lemma
- Coherence is essential for proper finiteness Remark
- Projective and proper are distinct notions Remark
- Properness is not a compactness claim on rational points Remark
- A proper quasi-finite morphism is finite Theorem
- Coherent higher direct images under proper morphisms Theorem
- Cohomology and base change for proper flat coherent families Theorem
- Finite coherent cohomology for proper schemes Theorem
- Finite-dimensional projective space is proper over every base Theorem
- Global functions on proper integral schemes form a finite extension of the base field Theorem
…and 4 more results.
Dependency tree · two levels
11 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Stacks Project, Morphisms of Schemes, §29.42 Definition 29.42.1 (standard reference, not scraped)