How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
The direct sum of an indexed family of modules
Definition
Let be a unital ring and a family of left -modules (Unital left and right modules over a ring; unqualified module means left module). Their direct product is the module with coordinatewise operations. The support of is , and the direct sum is the submodule (Submodule of a module).
This subset is a submodule because the support of a sum is contained in the union of two finite supports and scalar multiplication cannot enlarge support.
For each , the coordinate inclusion puts its input in coordinate and zero elsewhere. If , both product and direct sum are the zero module.
Depends on
Used by
- A ring with finitely many ideals of zero intersection whose quotients are Noetherian rings is Noetherian Corollary
- Every finite-dimensional module is a direct sum of highest-weight modules Corollary
- Finite direct sums preserve and reflect Noetherian and Artinian conditions Corollary
- Localisation commutes with finite intersections of submodules Corollary
- An infinite coproduct need not agree with the infinite product Counterexample
- Associated graded algebra of a filtered algebra Definition
- Direct products and direct sums of Lie algebras Definition
- Invariant factors and elementary divisors of a finitely generated module over a PID Definition
- Irreducible, completely reducible, and faithful representations Definition
- PBW filtration on the enveloping algebra Definition
- Semisimple modules as direct sums of simple modules Definition
- Tensor algebra of a vector space Definition
- Tensor product of abelian sheaves and its total complex Definition
- The free module on a set and its standard basis Definition
- 0→ A→ A⊕ C→ C→0 is canonically split Example
- A module-valued coend computed as a quotient of a direct sum Example
- Localised Hom can fail without finite presentation of the source Example
- The ring (ℤ/2)^ℕ is not Noetherian Example
- A chain contraction makes the odd-to-even parity map invertible Lemma
- A finite-dimensional algebra separates its split simple modules Lemma
- A lifted finite CW equivalence has a contractible group-ring mapping cone Lemma
- Associator, symmetry and unitors of the abelian sheaf tensor product Lemma
- Derived tensor product of abelian sheaves Lemma
- Every abelian group embeds in a divisible abelian group Lemma
- For a commutative ring, Hom_R(Rⁿ,N)≅ Nⁿ Lemma
- Graded modules with degree-zero maps form an abelian category Lemma
- Submodules of finite modules over a Noetherian ring are finite by induction Lemma
- The kernel of a finite direct sum is the intersection of the kernels Lemma
- A left transversal identifies Ind_H^G W with a direct sum of [G:H] copies of W Proposition
- Direct-sum, dual, Hom, and tensor representations Proposition
- A module-valued coend is the direct sum of the diagonal values modulo the dinaturality submodule Theorem
- Finite-dimensional kG-modules decompose as finite direct sums of indecomposables uniquely up to order and isomorphism Theorem
- Products of injective modules are injective, with the exact choice boundary Theorem
- Tensor products commute with arbitrary direct sums Theorem
- Universal property of a direct sum of modules Theorem
Dependency tree · two levels
5 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- A. Kleshchev, Lectures on Abstract Algebra for Graduate Students, sections 3.6, 3.14, and 3.15 (standard reference, not scraped)
- The Stacks Project, Algebra (standard reference, not scraped)
- P. Hekmati, Homological Algebra, section 3.1 (standard reference, not scraped)