Alphabeta Math
DefinitionDefinition: Literature-sourcedProof: Not applicablejudge pass (deepseek-v4-pro + gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-08-13
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

The direct sum of an indexed family of modules

Definition

Let R be a unital ring and (Mi)i∈I a family of left R-modules (Unital left and right modules over a ring; unqualified module means left module). Their direct product is the module ∏i∈IMi with coordinatewise operations. The support of m=(mi) is {i∈I:mi≠0}, and the direct sum is the submodule ⨁i∈IMi={m∈∏i∈IMi:supp⁡(m) is finite} (Submodule of a module).

This subset is a submodule because the support of a sum is contained in the union of two finite supports and scalar multiplication cannot enlarge support.

For each i, the coordinate inclusion ȷi:Mi→⨁jMj puts its input in coordinate i and zero elsewhere. If I=∅, both product and direct sum are the zero module.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

5 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources