How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Localisation of a module at a multiplicative subset
Definition
Let be a commutative ring, let be a multiplicative subset, and let be a left -module. On , define
The localisation of at is the set of equivalence classes for this relation, and the class of is written .
The proposed addition and -scalar action are The canonical map is
The relation, the addition formula, and the scalar action are justified by The module-fraction relation is an equivalence relation ↗, Addition of localised module fractions is independent of representatives ↗, and The localised scalar action is independent of representatives ↗.
Depends on
Used by
- A Weil divisor that is not Cartier at the vertex of the quadric cone Counterexample
- Finite type need not be locally free Counterexample
- Quasi-separatedness in pushforward cannot be omitted Counterexample
- The intersection product needs Cartier or complementary-dimension hypotheses Counterexample
- Finite type and finitely presented module sheaves Definition
- Module sheaf on an affine scheme Definition
- A coherent closed-point skyscraper Example
- Localisation need not commute with infinite products Example
- Localising Z/12Z kills exactly the torsion seen by the denominator set Example
- Restricting an associated sheaf to a localization Example
- S-units of Q Example
- A dominant map has a surjective differential on a dense source open Lemma
- A localised module fraction is zero exactly when one denominator kills its numerator Lemma
- Addition of localised module fractions is independent of representatives Lemma
- Affine charts recover the algebraic module of differentials Lemma
- Associated primes lie in the support Lemma
- Closed immersions are affine quotients and survive base change Lemma
- Descent of modules on a finite principal cover Lemma
- Exact principal-open Cech resolution Lemma
- Finite is affine and local on its target Lemma
- Kähler differentials commute with localization Lemma
- Koszul Complex Localises Termwise Lemma
- Rationalization is exact and commutes with singular homology Lemma
- Schematic closure and agreement on a dense open Lemma
- Sections of the associated sheaf on basic opens Lemma
- Surjective module maps remain surjective after localisation Lemma
- The localised Hom map is an isomorphism for finite free sources Lemma
- The localised scalar action is independent of representatives Lemma
- The module-fraction relation is an equivalence relation Lemma
- The stalk of an associated sheaf is the localisation Lemma
- Closed immersions into affine schemes are quotient spectra Theorem
- Coherent sheaves on a locally Noetherian scheme Theorem
- Downward-closed intersections of primary components are intrinsic Theorem
- Quasi-coherence of pushforward for qcqs morphisms Theorem
- The associated module sheaf exists Theorem
- Universal property of localisation for modules Theorem
Dependency tree · two levels
7 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- A. Altman and S. Kleiman, A Term of Commutative Algebra, 13th ed., Section 12 (standard reference, not scraped)
- The Stacks Project, Section 10.9: Localization (standard reference, not scraped)